Week 12 - Personality and Mental Health

Personality Disorder

Persistent pattern of emotions, cognitions, and behaviour that results in enduring emotional distress for the person affected and/or for others and may cause difficulties with work and relationships

mental disorders

A pattern of mental symptoms that cause significant problems in life, cause distress beyond what is normal, and are on a continuum

characteristic

Way a person behaves and thinks

characteristics

if a person __________ cause distress to themselves or others → PD

problems of degree

Personality disorders are ______ __ ______

ego syntonic

Being comfortable with yourself and characteristic manner of behaving, feeling, and relating to others → often lacking insight

ego dystonic

behaviours and actions are inconsistent with your personal goals, values, and beliefs

most, inflexible, problems, adolescence, mental, physical

Six requirements for diagnosing personality disorders:

1. experiencing problems in _____ aspects of life

2. being ______ in behaviour

3. experiencing major life _____

4. showing signs of personality disorder since ______

5. Behaviours are not due to another ______ disorder

6. Behaviours are not due to a ______ disorder

Negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, psychoticism

What are the bad 5?

negative affectivity

Extremely high neuroticism

detachment

Extremely low extroversion

antagonism

Extremely low agreeableness

disinhibition

Extremely low contentiousness

Psychoticism

Extremely high openness

schizotypal PD

• Socially isolated

• unusual behaviours → suspicious, odd beliefs, magical thinking

• ideas of reference

high negative affectivity, antagonism, and psychoticism

What do people with schizotypal PD have for the bad five?

Narcissistic PD

• self-importance, attention

• unreasonable self-importance

• lack of sensitivity and compassion

• exploitative

• envious and arrogant

• largely driven by inner sense of inferiority

high negative affectivity and antagonism

What do people with Narcissistic PD have for the bad five?

borderline PD

• instability in emotion

• turbulent relationships

• poor self-image, self-injury, suicide, comorbid ED and SAD → impulsivity

high negative affectivity and disinhibition

What bad five traits to people with borderline PD have?

avoidant PD

• sensitive to others opinions

• low self-esteem + fear of rejection = limited friendships and dependence

• interpersonally anxious

high negative affectivity

What bad five traits do people with avoidant pd have?

OCPD

• preoccupation with details, perfectionism

• Rigidity

• poor social relationships

• workaholic

high negative affectivity, detachment, and dishinibition

What bad five traits do people with OCPD have?

depression and axiety disorders

linked to high neuroticism, low extraversion, and low conscientiousness

bipolar disorder

linked to higher neuroticism, extroversion, and openness

Schizophrenia

linked to high neuroticism, low extraversion, low conscientiousness, and low agreeableness

eating disorders

linked to high neuroticism, low extraversion, low OR high conscientiousness, and low agreeableness

addictive disorders

high neuroticism, low conscientiousness, low agreeableness

Resilient/high-functioning

Eating disorder personality type that continues to function reasonably well

undercontrolled/ emotionally dysregulated

Eating disorder personality type that is emotional and impulsive; more likely bulimia

overcontrolled/constricted

Eating disorder personality type that is so controlled they can’t expereince new things

interventions

Personality can change in response to ________

psychodynamic, CBT, bibliotherapy, and DBT

Therapies for PDs include

dialectical behaviour therapy

focus on support, identify and regulate emotions, problem solving, trauma re-experienced, and trust in responses

happiness strategies

People have a happiness set point but they can increase with ______ _______ like optimisim and gratitude

relaxation, social skills, challenging thoughts, habituation

Therapies for social confidence include

emotional competence training, kindness tracking, and meditation

Therapies for increasing kindness and agreeableness include

meditation and yoga

Therapies to increase self-conrol include