B. Changing National Identities

Sardar (2002) suggests the world is in the middle of a global ___ ___, in which many of the old ___ by which we had defined ourselves, have broken down.

Sardar (2002) suggests the world is in the middle of a global identity crisis, in which many of the old divides by which we had defined ourselves, have broken down.

Sardar (2002) argues Britain is unsure whether to become more ___ or more ___.

Sardar (2002) argues Britain is unsure whether to become more American or more European.

Sardar (2002) argues ‘Englishness’ was based on ___ ___ that are meaningless to the vast majority living there today, so there is a struggle to find an ‘English’ ___.

Sardar (2002) argues ‘Englishness’ was based on historical traditions that are meaningless to the vast majority living there today, so there is a struggle to find an ‘English’ identity.

Sardar (2002) argues that to develop a more confident identity, we must embrace ___ but also focus on what makes us the same, our ___ ___.

Sardar (2002) argues that to develop a more confident identity, we must embrace diversity but also focus on what makes us the same, our common humanity.

In recent times of ___, ___ crises and increasing ___, English national identity appears to have strengthened.

In recent times of devolution, economic crises and increasing immigration, English national identity appears to have strengthened.

Some argue new English identity is ___ and ___, with growth in popularity of groups such as the ___ ___ ___ (EDL).

Some argue new English identity is negative and exclusive, with growth in popularity of groups such as the English Defence League (EDL).

Howe (2000) argues that, as someone who grew up in the Caribbean as part of the British empire, he comfortably sees himself as ___ and ___.

Howe (2000) argues that, as someone who grew up in the Caribbean as part of the British empire, he comfortably sees himself as Black and British.

Howe (2000) argues a growth of English nationalism seems much more ___ and ‘___’, leading him to question where he would fit in a new ___ England.

Howe (2000) argues a growth of English nationalism seems much more exclusive and ‘white’, leading him to question where he would fit in a new nationalistic England.

Others would argue that national identity will become less and less significant in today’s ___ ___.

Others would argue that national identity will become less and less significant in today’s globalised society.

Young people are arguably ‘citizens of the world’, and ___ ___ and ___ are less significant.

Young people are arguably ‘citizens of the world’, and national boundaries and cultures are less significant.

The ___ and ___ ___ have contributed to this breaking down of boundaries.

The internet and social media have contributed to this breaking down of boundaries.

Halsey argues life in Britain can no longer be said to be ___ ___.

Halsey argues life in Britain can no longer be said to be uniquely British.

Halsey argues growing ___ ___ and the dominance of ___ ___ mean that it is increasingly difficult to pinpoint Britishness.

Halsey argues growing international homogeneity and the dominance of American culture mean that it is increasingly difficult to pinpoint Britishness.

Halsey argues that Britain has lost the distinctiveness it had when he was a child, and that our lives are becoming ___.

Halsey argues that Britain has lost the distinctiveness it had when he was a child, and that our lives are becoming Americanised.