SUBSTACE ABUSE

POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT

take the drug in order to feel euphoric effects

NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT

take drug to combat neg effects, i.e. withdrawal, anxiety, stress

TOLERANCE

NEED MORE DRUG TO GET SAME OLD EFFECTS

DISPOSITIONAL TOLERANCE

PHARMOKINETICS CHANGE(ABSOPRTION AN DDISTRIBUTION)

excessive barbs in body, liver clears it more often so need more drug since its being cleared faster

PHARMACODYNAMIC TOLERANCE

down regulation of receptors due to adaptive changes in the body

(bodys natural way of ridding itself of drugs)

BEHAVRIOL TOLERATED

individuals alter behavior due to the presence of drug

PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE

PRESENCE OF WITHDRAWL SYMPTOMS

-OPP SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF DRUG

BEHAVRIOAL DEPENDENCE

DRUG SEEKING BEHAVIOR- ENDURING ISSUE

CROSS TOLERANCE

TAKE OTHER DRUGS IN SAME CLASS TO PREVENT WITHDRAWL, HAVE SAME EFFECTS

CANNABANOIDS

MILD PHYSICAL DEPENDECNE

NO WITHDRAWL UNLESS HIGH DOSAGE AND ABRUPT STOP

CNS STIMULANTS- CUASE PSYCHOSIS-

methamphetamine

methylphenidate

amphetamine

Bupropion

mephedrone

MILD PHYSCAL DEPENDENCE AND WORSE WITHDRAWK SYMPTOM IS DEPRESSION

DISSOCIATIVE ANESTHETICS

Ketamine

Phencyclidine

glutamate antagonist(lose proprioception)

rare withdrawl, life threatning,

seize to death, nystgamus

ADMIN BENZO WITHDRAWL

LIFE SUPPORT

HALLUCINOGENS

SERATINERGIC: 5 HT-2A AGONIST

TRYPTAMINE, LSD, PSILOCYBIN, PHENYLKALIMNE(MDMA), MESACALINE

ANTIDOTE: RISPIRDONE-2ND ANTI PSYC

ANTICHOLINERGIC

ATROPINE

SCOLOPLAMINE

ANTIDOTE: PHYSOSTIGMINE

OPIATES

HEROIN, CODEIN, HYDROCONE, OXYCODONE, MORPHINE

SYN: FETANLY , METHADONE, MEPERDINE

MIXED BUTOPHANOL, BUPHONEORHINE

WITHDRAWL NOT DEADLY

NARCAN NALOXENE- CAUSE WITHDRAWL EVEN THO SAVE FROM OVERDOSE

METHADONE, BUPHONEPHRINE USED AS SUB THERAPY

BARBITUATES

-LIFE SUPPORT

DEADLY WITHDRAWL

PENTOBARBITAL AND PHENOBARBITAL

BENZOS

-FLUMENAZIL

HYPNOTIC- ALCOHOL

NALTREXONE ACROMPROSATE DISFLURIN

DISFLURIN STOPS ABSORBTION OF ENZYME THAT INDUCING HANGOVER- INDUCING SICKNESS WHEN DRINKNING

NALTREXONE- DRINKING WITH NO EUPHORIC EFFECTS BY BLOCKING OPIATE RECEPTORS

NICOTINE

BUPROPION- STOP CRAVINGS

VARIDEINE- PARTIAL AGONIST THAT BLUNTS EFFECTS OF SMOKING

VOLATILE INTOXICANTS

CROSS DEPENDENCE WITH BENZODIAZEPINES

OVERDOSE- LIFE SUPPORT

WITHDRAWL- BENZO