Nervous System Components + Functions

Central Nervous System

Brain and spinal cord

Peripheral Nervous System

Somatic and autonomic nervous systems

Somatic nervous system functions

Controls voluntary muscles and send sensory information to the CNS

Autonomic nervous systems

Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

Autonomic nervous system functions

Sends and receives messages to regulate autonomic behaviours

Sympathetic nervous system functions symptoms

Increases HR, dilates pupils, mobilises energy

Parasympathetic nervous system symptoms

Slows HR, stimulates digestion, conserves energy

Sympathetic nervous system functions

Nerves that prepare organs for rigorous activity

Parasympathetic nervous system functions

Facilitates vegetative nonemergency response

Brain main structures

Forebrain, Midbrain, Hindbrain

Forebrain structures (5)

Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Cerebral Cortex, Hippocampus, Basal ganglia

Midbrain Structures (5)

Tectum, Tegmentum, Superior colliculus, Inferior colliculus, substantia nigra

Hindbrain structures (3)

Medulla, Pons, Cerebellum

Medulla functions

Vital reflexes - breathing, HR, vomiting

Cranial Nerve - Olfactory

Smell

Cranial Nerve - Optic

Vision

Cranial Nerve - Oculomotor

Eye movement and pupil constriction

Cranial Nerve - Trochlear and Abducens

Eye movement

Cranial Nerve - Trigeminal

Skin sensations

Cranial Nerve - Facial

Taste and control of facial expressions

Cranial Nerve - Statoacoustic

Hearing

Cranial Nerve - Glossopharyngeal

Taste and salivation

Cranial Nerve - Vagus

Control of throat

Cranial Nerve - Accessory

Control of neck and shoulders

Cranial Nerve - Hypoglossal

Control of muscles of the tongue

Cerebellum functions

Motor movement, balance and coordination

Tegmentum function

Sensorimotor function

Hypothalamus functions

Homeostasis, hunger, thirst, temp, hormones

Pituitary gland

Hormone-producing glad

Thalamus

Relay station for sensory information

Hippocampus

Formation of new long-term memories

Basal Ganglia

Learning of skill and habits

Occipital Lobe

Vision

Parietal Lobe

Somatosensory processing and spatial awareness

Temporal Lobe

Hearing, Language, memory

Frontal Lobe

Planning, decision-making, voluntary movements

Grey Matter

Cell bodies and dendrites

White Matter

Myelinated axons