Additional Therapeutic Pathways and Biological Interventionals in Treatment

Group Therapy

Treatments with multiple clients together

Individual therapy

One on one counseling between therapist and client

Hypnosis

Altered states of focused attention and suggestibility

Psychoactive medications

Drugs that alter brain function and mood

Antidepressants

Medications that reduce symptoms of depression

Anti anxiety drugs

Medications that reduce anxiety symptoms

Lithium

Mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder

Antipsychotic medications

Drugs treating psychosis and severe mental disorders

Side effects

• Weight gain

• Insomnia

• Nausea

• Constipation

• Drowsiness

Tardive dyskinesia

Involuntary movements from long terms antipsychotic use

Psychosurgery

Brain surgery to treat mental disorders

Lesioning

Destroying brain tissue to study function or treat

TMS (transcranial magnetic stimulation)

Noninvasive brain stimulation using magnetic fields

Electroconvulsive therapy

Electro currents induce seizures to treat disorders

Lobotomy

Surgical severing of brain connections, outdated treatment