HSCS 1110 Final

Coronal plane

divides body into front and back

Sagittal Plane

divides body into left and right

Transverse Plane

divides the body into top and bottom

Supine

lying on the back

Prone

lying on your stomach

Medial

Toward the midline

Lateral

away from the midline

Proximal

Closer to the point of reference

Distal

farther from the point of reference

Superior

toward the head

Inferior

toward the feet

Dorsal

on the back

Ventral

on the stomach

Flexion

bending that increases a joint angle

Extension

bending that decreases a joint angle

Pronation

turning downward

Supination

turning upward

Inversion

turning inward

Eversion

turning outward

Abduction

Movement away from the body

Adduction

Movement toward the body

Internal rotation

Rotation toward the body

External rotation

Rotation away from the body

Deep

far from the surface

Superficial

Close to the surface

ORIF

open reduction internal fixation

MI

myocardial infarction

prn

as needed

pt

patient

bid

twice a day

tid

three times a day

qid

four times a day

ad lib

as desired

IDDM

insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

WNL

within normal limits

R/O

rule out

q

every

h

hour

d

day

Liability

Being legally responsible for the harm one causes another person

Duty to Act

legal obligation to give aid or perform emergency care

Standard of reasonable care

Assumes you can use common sense, are reasonable, and exercise due caution

Statute of Limitations

Specific length of time to sue for damages; up to 3 years after 18

Tort

legal wrongs committed against a person or property; Ex: misfeasance, nonfeasance, malfeasance

Misfeasance

Do something incorrectly

malfeasance

Commit an act that isn't yours to commit

Nonfeasance

Failure to perform a legal duty

HIPPA

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act; gives control over how information is disclosed

FERPA

Family Education Rights and Privacy Act; education records given to parents until 18

AMA

American Medical Association; used for citations

SOAP

subjective, objective, assessment, plan

OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration; outlines rules and regulations regarding the handling of blood

ADA

Americans with Disabilities Act; prohibits disqualification based on pre-exisiting conditions

NOCSAE

National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment; establish minimum standards for equipment

Members of the sports medicine team

Coach, ATC, parents (under 18), MD

Physician(MD) responsibilities

Ultimately responsible for total health care; Return-to-play decisions, Conducting PPE, diagnosing injuries

Good Samaritan law

Protects those who voluntarily help others with CPR

Sovereign Immunity

Protects government and its workers from negligence

Alcohol

Depressant; Effects: decreased coordination, slowed reaction times, decreased alertness, causes dehydration; Airway is number 1 priority

Caffeine

Stimulant; Increased alertness and decreased fatigue; Effects: nervousness, irritability, increased heart rate, headaches

PCP

Circulation is number 1 priority; Treatment\= call EMS, protect yourself, dim lights, treat injuries if possible; Effects: schizophrenia, paranoia, memory loss, death

Talk Down Technique

Make them feel welcome, reassure them the "trip" won't last forever, identify yourself, Help verbalize, repeat and Confirm, get help

Digestion and Storage of carbohydrates

Broken down into glucose, stored in muscle and liver as glycogen; extra converted to body fat

HMO

health maintenance organization; Limits where, permission must be obtained to go to another provider

PPO

preferred provider organization; provide discount healthcare, limit where

POS

point of service plan; combination of PPO and HMO; allows outside HMO service

Indemnity Plan

Charges are based on a set fee schedule, traditional form

Co-pays

amount employees pay when they visit a doctor

3rd Party Reimbursement

Health Care professionals are reimbursed by the insurance company

How does 3rd party work?

You pay a copay, doctor bills insurance, insurance decides the value and pays, you pay the rest

When do you call 911 first before giving care?

An unresponsive adult or a child you witnessed collapse

When do you give care first and then call 911

if you did not witness the child collapse

What are the specific steps for care and when to call 911

Check the scene; Call 911, Care; perform a primary survey which includes the ABC

HBV

Hepatitis B; stronger than HIV, attacks the liver, spread through the blood, higher probability of spreading

HIV

human immunodeficiency virus; Caused by retroviruses that invade cells, decrease disease fighting effectiveness, transmitted through fluid contact

AIDS

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; No protection against infection, no cure or vaccine, developed after HIV

Tetanus

Bacteria that causes lockjaw, fever and convulsions; enters wound as spore; initial vaccination in childhood

Functional Progression

Rehab progression; used to restore normal functioning; nGradually progressive activities; sport skills are broken down into components; introduced over time

Thermotherapies

heat absorbed and spread between tissue; hot packs, paraffin baths, warm whirlpool

Cryotherapies

Ice bag, cold whirlpool, GameReady

Other modalities

Massage, Electrical stimulation, and Ultrasound

Fluids that carry bloodborne pathogens

blood, semen, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid

RICES

Rest, Ice( at least 20 minutes), Compression, Elevation, Support

Atrophy

the wasting away of a body organ or tissue

Hypertrophy

increase in muscle size

Sprain

Ligament Injury; joint forced beyond ROM; poor blood supply

Grade 1 sprain

stretching and possible tearing(minimal instability)

Grade 2 sprain

tearing and separation of ligament fibers(moderate instability)

Grade 3 sprain

Complete rupture(complete instability)

Strain

Muscle or tendon injury; returning too soon makes injury worse; muscle strains common in large force muscles

Grade 1 strain

stretching of tissues and possible tearing

Grade 2 strain

Partial tearing of muscle or tendon

Grade 3 strain

Complete rupture of the muscle and tendon

Ligament

Connects bone to bone

Tendon

Connects muscle to bone

Diaphysis

shaft of a long bone

Epiphysis

End of a long bone

Articular (hyaline) cartilage

Covers bone ends at joints

Periosteum

Covers bone except at joints

Synovial fluid

fluid inside a joint