final exam the topics ut hist

Homestead Act

A law that encouraged western migration by providing settlers 160 acres of public land.

Transcontinental Railroad

A railroad that connected the eastern U.S. with the Pacific coast, facilitating westward expansion.

Andrew Carnegie

Entrepreneur known for his role in the steel industry.

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Entrepreneur known for his influence in the railroad industry.

J.P. Morgan

Influential banker and financier during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

John D. Rockefeller

Founder of Standard Oil and key figure in the gasoline industry.

Thomas Edison

Inventor and businessman known for developing electrical power systems.

Labor Unions

Organizations formed by workers to advocate for better working conditions and rights.

Chinese Exclusion Act

A U.S. law prohibiting Chinese laborers from immigrating to the United States.

Interstate Commerce Act

Legislation that regulated railroad rates and practices.

Sherman Antitrust Act

Law aimed at preventing monopolies and promoting competition.

Pendleton Civil Service Act

Legislation that established a merit-based system for federal employment.

Pure Food and Drug Act

Law aimed at preventing the sale of adulterated or misbranded food and drugs.

Meat Inspection Act

Regulated the sanitary condition of meat products.

Temperance Movement

Social movement advocating for the reduction or prohibition of alcohol consumption.

NAACP

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, focused on civil rights for African Americans.

Spanish-American War

Conflict between the U.S. and Spain in 1898, resulting in U.S. territorial gains.

Monroe Doctrine

Policy opposing European colonialism in the Americas.

Dollar Diplomacy

Foreign policy that aimed to use economic power to achieve foreign policy goals.

Open Door Policy

U.S. policy to ensure equal trade opportunities in China.

Roosevelt Corollary

Extension of the Monroe Doctrine asserting U.S. intervention in Latin America.

William McKinley

U.S. President known for his role in the Spanish-American War.

Theodore Roosevelt

U.S. President known for his foreign policies including the Panama Canal.

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

Naval warfare in which submarines sink vessels without warning.

Zimmerman Telegram

Secret communication from Germany to Mexico proposing a military alliance.

Gilded Age

Period of industrial growth and corruption in U.S. history.

Progressive Era

Period of social activism and political reform in the United States.

Great Depression

Severe worldwide economic depression that took place during the 1930s.

Consumer Goods of the 1920s

Items produced for the consumer market, including automobiles and radios.

Herbert Hoover

U.S. President at the onset of the Great Depression.

Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)

U.S. President who implemented the New Deal to combat the Great Depression.

Harry S. Truman

U.S. President who made decisions regarding post-WWII and the Korean War.

Dwight D. Eisenhower

U.S. President known for his role in the early Cold War.

WASP

An acronym referring to White Anglo-Saxon Protestants.

Tuskegee Airmen

Group of African American pilots who fought in WWII.

Code Talkers

Native American soldiers who used their languages to create unbreakable codes.

Nisei

Japanese Americans born in the U.S.

GI Bill

Legislation providing benefits to returning World War II veterans.

Containment Policy

U.S. foreign policy aimed at preventing the spread of communism.

Desegregated the Military

Action taken by President Truman to eliminate racial segregation in the armed forces.

Cuban Missile Crisis

Confrontation between the U.S. and the Soviet Union in 1962 over missile deployment.

Vietnam War Escalation

Increased U.S. military involvement in Vietnam under President Johnson.

Civil Rights Movement

Movement aiming to achieve civil rights for African Americans, including both militant and nonviolent approaches.

Nonviolent Resistance

Method of protest that advocates for change through peaceful means.

Militant Members

Activists who support using force or violence to achieve political goals.