8.5 Genetics Word Wall

A complete set of vocabulary flashcards covering the key terms from the 8.5 Genetics Word Wall lecture notes.

Allele

Different versions of the same gene.

Amino Acid

Small molecules that join together to make proteins.

Base Pair

Two matching DNA bases connected together ($A-T$ or $C-G$).

Codominance

When both alleles are fully shown at the same time.

Codon

A group of 3 bases that tells the cell which amino acid to add when making a protein.

CRISPR

A tool scientists use to edit DNA.

Deletion

DNA bases are removed.

Frameshift Mutation

An insertion or deletion that changes how DNA is read.

Genetic Drift

Random changes in how common certain genes are in a population.

GMO (Genetically Modified Organism)

An organism whose DNA has been changed by scientists.

Histone

A protein that helps package DNA neatly.

Insertion

Extra DNA bases are added.

Karyotype

A picture showing all the chromosomes in a cell.

Locus

The location of a gene on a chromosome.

Meiosis

Cell division that makes sex cells (egg and sperm).

Nonsense Mutation

A mutation that creates a stop codon too early.

Nucleus

The part of the cell that contains DNA.

Oncogene

A mutated gene that can cause cancer.

Polydactyly

Having extra fingers or toes.

Polygenic Trait

A trait controlled by many genes, like height or skin color.

Somatic Cells

Body cells that are not egg or sperm cells.

Transcription

Copying DNA information into RNA.