Antibiotics/Bacterial Infection (Top Drugs)

Brand, Generic, Dose, MOA, BBW

Metronidazole (brand)

Flagyl

Flagyl (generic)

Metronidazole

Metronidazole (dosing)

250-500mg po TID x7 days

Flagyl (dosing)

250-500mg po TID x7 days

Metronidazole/Flagyl (MOA)

converted to unstable intermediates in susceptible bacteria which then bind to bacterial DNA causing DNA strand breakage and cell death

Minocycline (brand)

Minocin, Dynacin, Solodyn ER

Minocin, Dynacin, Solodyn ER (generic)

Minocycline

Minocycline (dosing)

200mg po initially then 100mg q12h

Minocin, Dynacin, Solodyn ER (dosing)

200mg po initially then 100mg po q12h

Minocycline/Dynacin, Minocin, Solodyn ER (MOA)

prevents protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit

Ofloxacin Ophthalmic (brand)

Ocuflox

Ocuflox (generic)

Ofloxacin ophthalmic

Ofloxacin ophthalmic (dosing)

1-2 drops into conjunctival sac q2-4h while awake for 2 days followed by QID for next 5 days

Ocuflox (dosing)

1-2 drops into conjunctival sac q2-4h while awake x2 days followed by QID x5 days

Ofloxacin ophthalmic/Ocuflox (MOA)

inhibits DNA gyrase

Amoxicillin (brand)

Amoxil, Moxatag, Trimox

Amoxil, Trimox, Moxatag (generic)

Amoxicillin

amoxicillin (dosing)

250-500mg po q8h OR 500-875mg q12h

Amoxil, Moxatag, Trimox (dosing)

250-500mg po q8h OR 500-875mg po q12h

Amoxicillin/ Amoxil, Moxatag, Trimox (MOA)

inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis via acylation transpeptidase enzyme

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate (brand)

Augmentin (XR)

Augmentin (generic)

amoxicillin/Clavulanate

amoxicillin/clavulanate (dosing)

500/125mg po q8hr OR 875/125mg q12h

Augmentin (XR) (dosing)

500/125mg po q8h OR 875/125mg op q12h

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate// Augmentin (XR) (MOA)

inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis via acylation transpeptidase enzyme and inhibition of beta-lactamase

Ampicillin/Sulbactam (brand)

Unasyn

Unasyn (generic)

ampicillin/sulbactam

ampicillin/sulbactam (dosing)

1.5g IV infusion q6h

Unasyn (dosing)

1.5g IV infusion q6h

ampicillin/sulbactam//Unasyn (MOA)

inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis via acylation transpeptidase enzyme and inhibition of beta-lactamase

Azithromycin (brand)

Zithromax, Zmax

Zithromax, Zmax (generic)

azithromycin

azithromycin (dosing)

500mg po on day 1—>250mg po on days 2-5

Zithromax, Zmax (dosing)

500mg po on day 1—>250mg po on days 2-5

azithromycin/zithromax, Zmax (MOA)

suppresses protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit

cefazolin (brand)

Ancef

Ancef (generic)

cefazolin

cefazolin (dosing)

1-2g IV q8h

ancef (dosing)

1-2g IV q8h

cefazolin/Ancef (MOA)

inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis via acylation transpeptidase enzyme

cefepime (brand)

maxipime

maxipime (generic)

cefepime

cefepime (dosing)

1-2g IV q8h

maxipime (dosing)

1-2g IV q8h

cefepime/Maxipime (MOA)

inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis via acylation transpeptidase enzyme

ceftriaxone (brand)

Rocephin

Rocephin (generic)

ceftriaxone

cefriaxone (dosing)

1-2g IV/IM q24h

Rocephin (dosing)

1-2g IV/IM q24h

ceftriaxone/Rocephin (MOA)

inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis via acylation transpeptidase enzyme

cephalexin (brand)

keflex

Keflex (generic)

Cephalexin

Cephalexin (dosing)

500mg po q12h

Keflex (doing)

500mg po q12h

Cephalexin/Keflex (MOA)

inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis via acylation transpeptidase enzyme

Ciprofloxacin (brand)

Cipro (XR)

Cipro (XR) (generic)

Ciprofloxacin

Ciprofloxacin (dosing)

500mg po BID

Cipro (XR) (dosing)

500mg po BID

Ciprofloxacin/Cipor(XR) (MOA)

prevents synthesis of bacterial DNA by interfering with the enzyme DNA gyrase

Ciprofloxacin/Cipro(XR) (BBW)

may cause serious ADR including tendonitis, tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects, exacerbation of myasthenia gravis

Clindamycin (brand)

Cleocin

Cleocin (generic)

Clindamycin

Clindamycin (dosing)

300mg po q6h

Cleocin (dosing)

300mg po q6h

Clindamycin/Cleocin (MOA)

suppresses protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit

Clindamycin/Cleocin (BBW)

can cause severe and fatal colitis due to C.diff

Doxycycline (brand)

Vibramycin, Doryx

Vibramycin, Doryx (generic)

Doxycycline

Doxycycline (dosing)

100mg po q12h

Vibramycin,Doryx (dosing)

100mg po q12h

Doxycycline/Vibramycin, Doryx (MOA)

prevents bacterial protein synthesis by competitively binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit

Levofloxacin (brand)

Levaquin

Levaquin (generic)

Levofloxacin

Levofloxacin (dosing)

500mg po qd x10-14d OR 750mg po qd x5d

Levaquin (dosing)

500mg po qd x10-14d OR 750mg po qd x5d

Levofloxacin/Levaquin (MOA)

inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV

Levofloxacin/Levaquin (BBW)

increased risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture. Risk is enhanced with patients over 60yo, in patients taking corticosteroid drugs, and patients with kidney, heart or lung transplants. May exacerbate myasthenia gravis

Linezolid (brand)

Zyvox

Zyvox (generic)

Linezolid

Linezolid (dosing)

600mg po q12h

Zyvox (dosing)

600mg po q12h

Linezolid/Zyvox (MOA)

inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 23S site on the 50S ribosomal subunit

Meropenem (brand)

Merrem

Merrem (generic)

Meropenem

Meropenem (dosing)

500mg IV q6h

Merrem (dosing)

500mg IV q6h

Merropenem/Merrem (MOA)

inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis via inhibition of peptidoglycan transpeptidase enzyme

Mupirocin (brand)

Bactroban

Bactroban (generic)

Mupirocin

Mupirocin (dosing)

apply TID

Bactroban (dosing)

apply TID

Mupirocin/Bactroban (MOA)

inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by reversibly and specifically binding to the bacterial isoleucyl transfer-RNA synthesis

Piperacillin/Tazobactam (Brand)

Zosyn

Zosyn (generic)

Piperacillin/Tazobactam

Piperacillin/Tazobactam (dosing)

3.375g IV q6h

Zosyn (dosing)

3.375g IV q6h

Piperacillin/Tazobactam//Zosyn (MOA)

Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis via inhibiting peptidoglycan transpeptidase + beta-lactamase

Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (brand)

Bactrim, Septra

Bactrim, Septra (generic)

Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim