CS B.2.1 - B.2.2

she a van cleef junkie

Global Variables

Accessible from anywhere in the program
Declared outside functions, wider scope, and longer lifetime

Local Variables

Accessible only within the declaring function/block
Limited scope and shorter lifetime

Boolean

True or false values

Integer

Whole numbers

String

Sequences of characters

Character

Single characters

Image

Visual representations

Immutablity

cannot change an existing string, you must create a new string with the changes

Local variables are created _____ a function

inside

Global variables are created _____ all functions.

outside

To change a global variable inside a function, you must use the _____ keyword

global

Static Structures

pre defiend, with a set capacity

Dynamic structures

adapt as needed, flexible to accomodate varying amounts of data

Mutable

change contents after creation

Dynamic sizing

grow or shrink automatically as needed

List slicing

extract portions of a list easily

Iterable

Loop through elements with for loops

Nesting

Create lists of lists for complex structures

Stack

A linear data structure that follows the LIFO principle

push(item)

adds an element to the top of the stack

pop()

removes and returns the element at the top of the stack

peek()

returns the element at the top of the stack without removing it

isEmpty()

checks if the stack is empty

Abstract Data Type

a conceptual blueprint for a data type. It defines what it does by specficing a behaviour and the operations it supports, but it completely hides how it does it

FIFO

First in first out

enqueue(item)

Adds an element to the rear (end) of the queue

dequeue()

removes and returns the element at the front of the queue

front()

returns the element at the front of the queue without removing it