09 - Economic Recovery

stagnant - (adj) not growing or moving - the economy remain stagnant for months.

trì trệ, đình đốn

brisk - (adj) quick and active - a brisk increase in exports appeared.

nhộn nhịp, sôi động

soar - (v) rise sharply - Demand began to soar unexpectedly.

tăng vọt

assert - (v) state forcefully - He asserted that a drastic change in policy was necessary.

khẳng định

drastic - (adj) extreme and sudden - a drastic change in policy.

quyết liệt, mạnh mẽ

prospect - (n) possibility of future success - The prospect of recovery seemed likely.

triển vọng

likely - (adj) probable - recovery seemed likely.

có khả năng

consequential - (adj) having important effects - any consequential decision would have long‑term effects.

quan trọng, có hệ quả

extravagant - (adj) wasteful, spending too much - He avoided extravagant spending.

xa hoa, hoang phí

implication - (n) possible consequence - knowing the implication of waste.

hệ quả, ý nghĩa sâu xa

wane - (v) decrease - others saw their profits wane.

suy giảm

prosperity - (n) wealth and success - focused on sustainable prosperity.

thịnh vượng

dwindle - (v) decrease gradually - Trade volumes dwindled steadily.

giảm dần

impede - (v) hinder - refused to let difficulties impede his plans.

cản trở

adversity - (n) hardship - Facing adversity head‑on.

nghịch cảnh

cast - (v) throw away - he cast aside fear.

vứt bỏ, loại bỏ

outrage - (n) anger and shock - public outrage about market fluctuation.

sự phẫn nộ

fluctuation - (n) variation - market fluctuation.

sự dao động

recession - (n) economic decline - After a long recession.

suy thoái

ascend - (v) rise - he watched the economy slowly ascend.

đi lên, tăng lên

indifferent - (adj) not caring - even as some remained indifferent to the changes.

thờ ơ

prolong - (v) make longer - He refused to prolong the tedious process.

kéo dài

tedious - (adj) boring and long - the tedious process of endless meetings.

tẻ nhạt, dài dòng

cope with - (phr) manage - learned to cope with uncertainty.

đối phó với

descending - (adj) going down - in descending and ascending waves.

đang đi xuống

downturn - (n) decline - every downturn carried seeds of opportunity.

sự đi xuống

foremost - (adj) most important, leading - Tzu was the foremost expert.

hàng đầu, quan trọng nhất

forerunner - (n) pioneer - a forerunner in predicting market shifts.

người đi tiên phong

synergy - (n) combined effect greater than sum - believed in synergy.

sự phối hợp, hiệp lực

synthesis - (n) combination of ideas - a synthesis of Eastern patience and Western innovation.

sự tổng hợp

variable - (n) changeable factor - every variable could be managed.

biến số

vicious cycle - (phr) self‑reinforcing pattern of decline - fell into a vicious cycle.

vòng luẩn quẩn

grant - (v) give or allow - asked the government to grant small businesses more flexibility.

chấp thuận, ban cho

abate - (v) become less severe - the crisis began to abate.

dịu bớt, giảm

conspicuously - (adv) noticeably - recovery became conspicuously visible.

rõ ràng, dễ thấy

deteriorate - (v) become worse - unchecked growth could deteriorate the fragile balance.

xấu đi, suy giảm

implicitly - (adv) indirectly, without saying directly - He implicitly understood that debt was a menace.

một cách ngầm hiểu

menace - (n) threat - debt was a menace to long‑term health.

mối đe dọa

perceptible - (adj) noticeable - a perceptible change in policy.

có thể nhận thấy

retrieval - (n) recovery of information - required careful retrieval of old data.

sự lấy lại, khôi phục

solitary - (adj) alone - worked in solitary to think deeply.

một mình, đơn độc

ailing - (adj) struggling, weak - especially when the economy was ailing.

đang gặp khó khăn, ốm yếu

multilateral - (adj) involving many countries - advocated for multilateral trade agreements.

đa phương

nontransferable - (adj) cannot be transferred - key assets remained nontransferable.

không thể chuyển nhượng

sluggish - (adj) slow, inactive - a sluggish market made recovery seem impossible.

chậm chạp, ế ẩm

volatile - (adj) unstable, changing rapidly - a volatile environment held predictable patterns.

biến động mạnh, không ổn đị