Cancer Genetics Overview

A set of flashcards covering key concepts in cancer genetics based on the lecture notes.

Cancer Genetics

The study of the genetic factors that contribute to cancer and how these factors affect cancer development and treatment.

Mutation

An alteration in a gene that can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and potential cancer.

Oncogene

A mutated gene that has the potential to cause cancer, characterized by uncontrolled cell division.

Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes that encode proteins regulating cell division; when mutated, they can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation.

BRCA1/BRCA2

Tumor suppressor genes that help prevent uncontrolled cell growth; mutations in these genes are linked to breast and ovarian cancers.

Family Cancer Syndrome

A rare condition where family members inherit mutations in cancer-related genes, leading to an increased risk of developing cancer.

Biomarkers

Genes, proteins, or other markers used to reveal important information about a person’s cancer, aiding in treatment decisions.

Genetic Testing

A medical test that identifies inherited mutations in genes that increase the risk of certain cancers.

Carcinogen

A substance that can lead to cancer by causing genetic mutations; examples include tobacco smoke and UV light.

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)

A genetic condition caused by mutations in the APC gene that increases the risk of colorectal cancer.