LDSP 240 - Theories and Perspectives Final Exam Prep 2

Match theories/concepts with descriptions

Trait Approach

• One of the first systematic attempts to study leadership.

• Traits - distinctive characteristics, qualities, or attributes are inherent and relatively unchanging over time.

• Major Traits - Intelligence, Self-Confidence, Determination, Integrity, and Sociablility

• The Big Five Personality (all are a spectrum) - Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism 

• Emotional intelligence can be developed (The ability to perceive and express emotions)

• Leader’s personality characteristics

Skills Approach

• Leader-centered approach

• Emphasis on skills and abilities that can be learned and developed.

• 3 Skills Approach - Human, Technical, Conceptual (Skills are what leaders can accomplish,)

• What leaders are capable of

Behavioral Approach

• What leaders do and how they act

• Task vs Relationship behaviors

• Ohio State University, Michigan University, Blake and Mouton

Situational Approach

• Hersey & Blanchard

• Leader adapts style to fit situation

LMX Theory

• Focus on the interactions between leaders and followers

• Dyadic relationships

• In group vs out group

Power, Influence, & Influence Tactics

• French & Raven’s 6 power bases

• Influence tactics

• Personalized vs socialized motivations for power

Transformational/Transactional/Charismatic Leadership

• Emphasis on intrinsic motivation and follower development.

• Today’s work groups want to be inspired and empowered to succeed.

• “Followers and leaders are inextricably bound together in the transformation process.” 

• “Charisma is a special personality characteristic that gives a person superhuman or exceptional powers and is reserved for the few.”

• 4 I’s

Authentic Leadership

• Intrapersonal - self-knowledge, self-reflection, etc

• Interpersonal - created by leaders and followers together → authenticity emerges form these reciprocal interactions

• Developmental - can be nurtured in a leader

• Self-awareness, internalized moral perspective, balanced processing, and relational transparency

• Critical life events

• Confidence hope optimism resilience

Servant Leadership

• Everyone can learn to be one

• Journey to the East

• Antecedent conditions → leader behaviors → outcomes