Non Mendelian Genetics

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to Non Mendelian Genetics, including types of inheritance, blood type genotypes, and the visual representation of genetic traits.

Incomplete Dominance

A situation in which the heterozygous phenotype is a blend of both homozygous phenotypes, resulting in three possible phenotypes from two alleles.

Codominance

A genetic scenario where neither allele is dominant, and both contribute to the phenotype, such as in the case of speckled chickens from a black and white cross.

Polygenic Inheritance

A form of inheritance where multiple genes influence a single trait, resulting in a wide range of phenotypes, like human skin color.

Rh Factor

An antigen present on red blood cells that determines blood types; blood types are either positive (+) or negative (-) depending on this factor.

Blood Type A Genotype

$I_A I_A$ or $I_A i$ - results in the presence of A antigens on red blood cells.

Blood Type B Genotype

$I_B I_B$ or $I_B i$ - results in the presence of B antigens on red blood cells.

Blood Type AB Genotype

$I_A I_B$ - results in the presence of both A and B antigens on red blood cells.

Blood Type O Genotype

$ii$ - results in no antigens on red blood cells.

Anti-{type} Bodies

Antibodies in the blood that react against non-compatible blood types, which can cause clumping.

Karyogram

A graphical representation of a karyotype, arranging chromosomes in pairs ordered by size and centromere position.

Sex-linked Genes

Genes located on sex chromosomes, most commonly the X chromosome, with over 60 diseases traced back to these genes.

Pedigree Chart

A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family, using shapes to represent individuals and their sex.

Homologous Chromosomes

Pairs of chromosomes that separate during meiosis, with each parent contributing one chromosome to the offspring.