female repro system

what are the repro functions? (4)

produce oocytes and female sex hormones, receive sperm, develop/nourish embryos

what is the external female sex organ?

vulva

what are the parts of the vulva? (4)

mons pubis, labia majora and minora, clitoris, vestibule

what is the fatty layer of skin covering pubic symphysis? (vulva)

mons pubis

what is the larger, outer folds of the skin? (vulva)

labia majora

what is the labia majora equivalent to?

male scrotum

what are the thinner, inner golds of the skin? (vulva)

labia minora

what is the small erectile structure located in vestibule? (vulva)

clitoris

what is the clitoris equivalent to?

male penis

what is the area where two labia minora unite over the clitoris? (vulva)

prepuce

what is the space in the vagina and urethra are located? (vulva)

vestibule

what is the primary female repro organ?

ovaries

what do the ovaries do?

produce oocytes and sex hormones

what anchors ovaries to the uterus? (ovaries)

ovarian ligaments

where are the ovaries located?

on either side of uterus

what anchor the ovaries to the pelvic cavity? (ovaries)

suspensory ligaments

what are the cells in ovaries that contain oocytes?

ovarian follicle

what is the part of the uterus which extends toward ovaries and receive oocytes?

uterine (fallopian) tubes

what are the fringe-like structures around opening of uterine tubes that help sweep oocytes into uterine tubes?

fimbriae

what is the sterilization of a female (preventing pregnancy)?

tubal ligation

what is it called when a fertilized oocyte implants somewhere beside uterus (usually in uterine tube)

ectopic pregnancy

what is the size and location of the uterus?

pear-sized, located in pelvic cavity

what is the function of the uterus?

receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized egg

what is the narrow region that leads to the vagina? (uterus)

cervix

what are the uterus layers? (3)

perimetrium (serous), myometrium (muscular), endometrium

what is the perimetrium uterus layer?

outermost layer

what is the myometrium uterus layer?

middle layer composed of smooth muscle

what is the endometrium uterus layer?

innermost layer

what uterus layer is sloughed off during menstruation?

endometrium layer

what extends from the uterus to the outside of the body?

vagina

why is the vagina very acidic?

to keep bacteria out

what does the vagina contain? (2)

very muscular walls, mucous membrane

what is the vagina involved in and allows?

INVOLVED in intercourse and childbirth, ALLOWS menstrual flow

when does ovulation occur?

when a mature follicle ruptures, forcing oocyte into peritoneal (pelvic) cavity

what hormone is responsible for ovulation?

luteinizing hormone (LH)

What is the corpus luteum?

The mature follicle after ovulation that degenerates if the egg is not fertilized.

how could an oocyte potentially be fertilized?

if sperm is present in uterine tube

how long does an oocyte live, what happens after if no sperm present?

lives 24 hrs, after that no zygote develops and the oocyte dies

what are the female sex hormones? (5)

gonadotropin, LH, FSH, estrogen, progesterone

where is gonadotropin produced?

hypothalamus

What does gonadotropin influence?

stimulates secretion of LH and FSH

where is LH produced?

anterior pituitary

Where is FHS produced?

anterior pituitary

What does FSH do?

signals the follicle in ovaries gland to being development

Where is estrogen produced?

in follicles in ovaries

what does estrogen do?

affects endometrial lining of uterus, breasts, regulates secretions of LH and FSH

Where is progesterone produced?

ovaries

What does progesterone do?

affects endometrial lining of uterus, breasts, regulates secretions of LH and FSH, secondary sexual characteristics

What is the menstrual cycle?

series of changes that occur in sexually mature, nonpregnant women

what is the time when the endometrium is shed from the uterus?

menses

How long does the menstrual cycle last?

about 28 days

what happens during days 1-5 of the menstrual cycle? (3)

menstrual bleeding, low estrogen/progesterone, follicles begin mature

what happens during days 6-13 of the menstrual cycle? (4)

endometrium rebuilds, increased estrogen, low progesterone, follicle matures

what happens during days 14 of the menstrual cycle? (4)

oocyte released from LH, high estrogen, increasing progesterone, cervical mucus thins

what is the menstrual cycle called during days 6-13

proliferative

What is it called on day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

ovulation

what happens during days 15-28 of the menstrual cycle? (4)

endometrium prepares for implantation, lower estrogen, high progesterone, cervical mucus thickens

What is it called on days 15-28 of the menstrual cycle?

secretory