CCMA: Integumentary System

What is the integumentary system?

skin, hair follicles, fingernails and toenails, skin glands

What are the functions/characteristics of the skin?

body's outer covering, largest organ of the body, composed of 3 layers

What are the accessory organs of the integumentary system?

Hair follicles, Fingernails and toenails, Skin glands

What is the largest organ in the human body?

skin

How many layers does the skin have?

Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutaneous layer

Functions of the integumentary system?

Protection, temperature regulation, vitamin D production, sensation, excretion

Characteristics of the epidermis?

Outermost layer, no blood vessels, contains keratin, contains melanocytes

What is keratin?

Hard protein found in hair and nails

What is a melanocyte?

Cell that produces melanin

What is melanin?

Pigment that gives skin color

Erythema (rubor)

Red skin

Pallor

Pale skin

Cyanosis

Bluish skin caused by inadequate oxygenation

Characteristics of the dermis?

Contains blood vessels, nerves, sweat glands, hair follicles

Finger stick blood comes from what layer?

Dermis

Characteristics of the subcutaneous layer?

Adipose tissue, larger blood vessels, injection site

Adipose tissue means?

Fat tissue

Sudoriferous glands

sweat glands

Eccrine glands

Sweat glands that regulate body temperature

Apocrine glands

Sweat glands in axilla and pubic area, responsible for body odor

Sebaceous glands

Oil glands that produce sebum

Sebum

Oily substance that protects skin and prevents fluid loss

Neoplasm

New growth, benign or malignant

Alopecia

hair loss

Cellulitis

Bacterial skin infection

Dermatitis

Skin inflammation

Eczema

Itchy, red, scaly rash

Impetigo

Bacterial skin infection with oozing lesions

Ringworm (tinea corporis)

Fungal infection

Pediculosis

Lice infestation

Rosacea

Facial redness caused by dilated blood vessels

Most common skin cancer?

Basal cell carcinoma

Most aggressive skin cancer?

Malignant melanoma

Rule of Nines

Method used to estimate percent body surface area burned

First-degree burn

Epidermis only, redness, pain

Second-degree burn

Blisters, redness, pain

Third-degree burn

Full-thickness burn, charred appearance, medical emergency

Rule of Nines percentages?

• Head = 9%

• Right arm = 9%

• Left arm = 9%

• Front torso = 18%

• Back torso = 18%

• Right leg = 18%

• Left leg = 18%

• Perineum = 1%