RT PCR and Genotyping Concepts

These flashcards cover key concepts related to RT PCR, genotyping, and the methods used in genetic analysis based on the lecture transcript.

RT PCR

A technique that uses reverse transcriptase to convert RNA into cDNA for PCR amplification.

Reverse Transcriptase

An enzyme that synthesizes DNA from an RNA template, found in retroviruses.

cDNA

Complementary DNA synthesized from an mRNA template through reverse transcription.

Quantitative PCR (qPCR)

A variation of PCR that allows for the quantification of DNA in real-time during the amplification process.

Positive Control

A known sample that is expected to produce a positive result to ensure the reliability of the experiment.

Negative Control

A sample that is expected to produce a negative result, helping to verify that the procedure was carried out correctly.

Delta CT

The difference in the number of cycles required for the threshold to be reached between two samples in qPCR.

Genotyping

The process of determining the genetic constitution of an individual by identifying specific alleles at particular loci.

Microsatellites

Repeats of short sequences of DNA used in genotyping to identify variations in allele size.

Restriction Endonucleases

Enzymes that cut DNA at specific palindromic sequences, facilitating DNA manipulation and analysis.

DNA Fingerprinting

A technique that involves analyzing specific microsatellite regions to create a unique DNA profile for an individual.

Allele

One of two or more versions of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.

DNA Microarray

A tool used to detect the expression of multiple genes at once by hybridizing cDNA to specific DNA probes on a chip.

Palindromic Sequence

A nucleic acid sequence that reads the same in both directions on complementary strands, important for restriction enzyme recognition.

RNA Isolation

The process of extracting RNA from cells or tissues to analyze gene expression.

PCR Amplification

The process of making multiple copies of a specific DNA segment through cycles of denaturation, annealing, and extension.