gross motor, fine motor adaptive, personal/social, speech & language, cognitive, emotional
newborn
flexor tone predominates
newborn
in prone, turns head to side
newborn
automatic reflex walking
newborn
rounded spine when held sitting
newborn
hands fisted
newborn
grasp reflex
newborn
state-dependent ability to fix & follow bright object
newborn
habituation & some control of state
4 months
head midline
4 months
head held when pulled to sit
4 months
in prone lifts head to 90° and lifts chest slightly
4 months
turns to supine
4 months
hands mostly open
4 months
midline hand play
4 months
crude palmar grasp
4 months
recognizes bottle
7 months
maintains sitting, may lean on arms
7 months
rolls to prone
7 months
bears all weight; bounces when held erect
7 months
Cervical lordosis
7 months
intermediate grasp
7 months
transfers cube from hand to hand
7 months
bangs objects
7 months
differentiates between familiar person and stranger
7 months
holds bottle
7 months
looks for dropped object
7 months
“Talks” to mirror image
10 months
creeps on all 4s
10 months
pivots in sitting
10 months
stands momentarily
10 months
cruises
10 months
slight bow leg
10 months
increased lumbar lordosis; acute lumbosacral angulation
10 months
pincer grasp
10 months
mature thumb to index grasp
10 months
bangs two cubes heled in hands
10 months
plays peek-a-boo
10 months
finger feeds
10 months
chews with rotary movement
14 months / 1.2 years
walks alone, arms in high guard or midguard
14 months / 1.2 years
wide base, excessive knee & hip flexion
14 months / 1.2 years
foot contact on entire sole
14 months / 1.2 years
slight valgus of knees & feet
14 months / 1.2 years
pelvic tilt & rotation
14 months / 1.2 years
piles two cubes
14 months / 1.2 years
scribbles spontaneously
14 months / 1.2 years
holds crayon full length in palm
14 months / 1.2 years
casts objects
14 months / 1.2 years
uses spoon with overpronation & spilling
14 months / 1.2 years
removes a garment
18 months / 1.6 years
arms at low guard
18 months / 1.6 years
mature supporting base & heel strike
18 months / 1.6 years
Seats self in chair
18 months / 1.6 years
Walks backward
18 months / 1.6 years
emerging hand dominance
18 months / 1.6 years
crude release
18 months / 1.6 years
holds crayon butt end in palm
18 months / 1.6 years
Dumps raisin from bottle spontaneously
18 months / 1.6 years
Imitates housework
18 months / 1.6 years
carries, hugs doll
18 months / 1.6 years
drinks from cup neatly
2 years
begins running
2 years
walks up & down stairs alone
2 years
jumps on both feet in place
2 years
hand dominance is usual
2 years
builds eight-cube tower
2 years
aligns cubes horizontally
2 years
imitates vertical line
2 years
places pencil shaft between thumb & fingers
2 years
draws with arm and wrist action
2 years
pulls on garment
2 years
uses spoon well
2 years
opens door turning knob
2 years
feeds doll with bottle or spoon
2 years
toilet training usually begun
3 years
runs well
3 years
pedals tricycle
3 years
broad jumps
3 years
walks up stairs alternating feet
3 years
imitates three-cube bridge
3 years
copies circle
3 years
uses overhand throw with anteroposterior arm & trunk motion
3 years
catches with extended arms hugging against body
3 years
most children toilet trained day & night
3 years
pours from pitcher
3 years
unbottons; washes & dries hands & face
3 years
parallel play
3 years
can take turns
3 years
can be reasoned with
4 years
walks down stairs alternating feet
4 years
hops on one foot
4 years
plantar arches developing
4 years
sits up from supine position without rotating
4 years
holds a pencil by finger & wrist action, like adults
4 years
copies a cross
4 years
draws a frog like person with head and extremities
4 years
throws underhand
4 years
cuts with scissors
4 years
cooperative play
4 years
imaginative make-believe play