MILESTONES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT

gross motor, fine motor adaptive, personal/social, speech & language, cognitive, emotional

newborn

flexor tone predominates

newborn

in prone, turns head to side

newborn

automatic reflex walking

newborn

rounded spine when held sitting

newborn

hands fisted

newborn

grasp reflex

newborn

state-dependent ability to fix & follow bright object

newborn

habituation & some control of state

4 months

head midline

4 months

head held when pulled to sit

4 months

in prone lifts head to 90° and lifts chest slightly

4 months

turns to supine

4 months

hands mostly open

4 months

midline hand play

4 months

crude palmar grasp

4 months

recognizes bottle

7 months

maintains sitting, may lean on arms

7 months

rolls to prone

7 months

bears all weight; bounces when held erect

7 months

Cervical lordosis

7 months

intermediate grasp

7 months

transfers cube from hand to hand

7 months

bangs objects

7 months

differentiates between familiar person and stranger

7 months

holds bottle

7 months

looks for dropped object

7 months

“Talks” to mirror image

10 months

creeps on all 4s

10 months

pivots in sitting

10 months

stands momentarily

10 months

cruises

10 months

slight bow leg

10 months

increased lumbar lordosis; acute lumbosacral angulation

10 months

pincer grasp

10 months

mature thumb to index grasp

10 months

bangs two cubes heled in hands

10 months

plays peek-a-boo

10 months

finger feeds

10 months

chews with rotary movement

14 months / 1.2 years

walks alone, arms in high guard or midguard

14 months / 1.2 years

wide base, excessive knee & hip flexion

14 months / 1.2 years

foot contact on entire sole

14 months / 1.2 years

slight valgus of knees & feet

14 months / 1.2 years

pelvic tilt & rotation

14 months / 1.2 years

piles two cubes

14 months / 1.2 years

scribbles spontaneously

14 months / 1.2 years

holds crayon full length in palm

14 months / 1.2 years

casts objects

14 months / 1.2 years

uses spoon with overpronation & spilling

14 months / 1.2 years

removes a garment

18 months / 1.6 years

arms at low guard

18 months / 1.6 years

mature supporting base & heel strike

18 months / 1.6 years

Seats self in chair

18 months / 1.6 years

Walks backward

18 months / 1.6 years

emerging hand dominance

18 months / 1.6 years

crude release

18 months / 1.6 years

holds crayon butt end in palm

18 months / 1.6 years

Dumps raisin from bottle spontaneously

18 months / 1.6 years

Imitates housework

18 months / 1.6 years

carries, hugs doll

18 months / 1.6 years

drinks from cup neatly

2 years

begins running

2 years

walks up & down stairs alone

2 years

jumps on both feet in place

2 years

hand dominance is usual

2 years

builds eight-cube tower

2 years

aligns cubes horizontally

2 years

imitates vertical line

2 years

places pencil shaft between thumb & fingers

2 years

draws with arm and wrist action

2 years

pulls on garment

2 years

uses spoon well

2 years

opens door turning knob

2 years

feeds doll with bottle or spoon

2 years

toilet training usually begun

3 years

runs well

3 years

pedals tricycle

3 years

broad jumps

3 years

walks up stairs alternating feet

3 years

imitates three-cube bridge

3 years

copies circle

3 years

uses overhand throw with anteroposterior arm & trunk motion

3 years

catches with extended arms hugging against body

3 years

most children toilet trained day & night

3 years

pours from pitcher

3 years

unbottons; washes & dries hands & face

3 years

parallel play

3 years

can take turns

3 years

can be reasoned with

4 years

walks down stairs alternating feet

4 years

hops on one foot

4 years

plantar arches developing

4 years

sits up from supine position without rotating

4 years

holds a pencil by finger & wrist action, like adults

4 years

copies a cross

4 years

draws a frog like person with head and extremities

4 years

throws underhand

4 years

cuts with scissors

4 years

cooperative play

4 years

imaginative make-believe play