NUR3196 Pharmacology - Cardiovascular, RAAS, Cardiac, Lipid, Clotting, Respiratory, and Urinary Drugs

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering cardiovascular, respiratory, urinary, and clotting medications for the NUR3196 pharmacology course.

ACE Inhibitors

Drug class including Lisinopril and Captopril that blocks the conversion of Angiotensin I to II; nursing watch-outs include dry cough, angioedema, hyperkalemia, and contraindicated in pregnancy.

ARBs

Drug class including Valsartan and Losartan that blocks Angiotensin II receptors; used as an alternative to ACE inhibitors and does not cause a dry cough.

CCBs

Drug class including Amlodipine and Diltiazem that blocks calcium; monitor for peripheral edema and constipation.

Alpha-1 Blockers

Drugs such as Prazosin and Doxazosin that cause dilation; may cause first-dose hypotension and should be taken at HS (bedtime).

Central Alpha-2

Drugs like Clonidine that reduce sympathetic activity; these should never be stopped abruptly.

Vasodilators

Drugs such as Hydralazine that relax muscle; nurse should monitor for reflex tachycardia.

Statins

Drugs such as Atorvastatin that inhibit HMG-CoA reductase; requires monitoring of LFTs and watching for Rhabdomyolysis.

Glycosides

Drugs like Digoxin that act as a positive inotrope; has a narrow therapeutic range and requires holding the dose if the apical pulse is $<60$.

Antianginals

Drugs such as Nitroglycerin that cause vasodilation; common side effect is a severe headache.

Heparin

A drug that blocks Thrombin/Xa; requires monitoring of aPTT and has Protamine Sulfate as an antidote.

Warfarin

A Vitamin K antagonist also known as Coumadin; requires monitoring of PT/INR and has Vitamin K1 as an antidote.

Thrombolytics

Drugs like Alteplase that dissolve clots; associated with hemorrhage risk and the need to avoid invasive procedures.

Beta-2 Agonists

Drugs like Albuterol used for bronchodilation; used as a rescue drug and requires monitoring for tachycardia.

Loop Diuretics

Drugs such as Furosemide that inhibit $Na/K/2Cl$; nursing concerns include potassium wasting and ototoxicity from IV push.

K-Sparing

Diuretics such as Spironolactone that block Aldosterone; can lead to hyperkalemia, so potassium supplements should be avoided.

Urinary Anesthetic

A bladder analgesic like Phenazopyridine; patients should be informed that orange/red urine is a normal side effect.