TEST 3- personality psych

Medial prefrontal cortex

Mediates decision making

orbitofrontal cortex

lesions often lead to personality changes and inappropriate social behaviors

Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Plays a role in memory for temporal order, response sequencing, response inhibition, and creative thinking

what is the “underlying belief of the biological approach

Biological differences often translate into differences in behavior

Hans J. Eysenck

-Founded the international psychology journal “personality and individual differences”

-was considered a controversialist, visionary, and maverick

-came up with the PEN model of personality

Pyschoticism

High-egocentric, cold, agressive

low-caring warm, empathetic

Extroversion

high- extrovert

low-introvert

Neuroticism

high-easily emotional and unstable

low-less likely to fly off the handle

What were Eysenck’s three arguments

-personality traits shows solid consistency through time

-the same personality traits are found in many different cultures

-research shows that personality traits are partly inherited

The new york longitudinal study of thomas and chess

identified 9 dimensions of temperment

who came up with the reinforcement sensitivity theory

Jefferey gray

John Bowlby

attachment theory

EEG

used to measure electrical activity in different parts of the human brain

• Alpha wave: used for research on personality and emotion

Higher activation in the left hemisphere of the brain has been associated with

positive mood states

Higher activation in the right hemisphere of the brain has been associated with

negative mood states

anhedonia

hard time being happy

what is a typical goal of humanistic psychology

for the client to accept that they have the power to do or to be whatever they desire

what is mindfulness-based therapy highly effective for treating

-anxiety

-depression

-stress

carl R rodgers

-person-centered therapy

congruency

people naturally try to fit their self-concept and experiences together

incongruency

is a state of existence that occurs when a person’s self concept and experience do not match

-person feels anxiety in this state

Abraham H. Maslow

-studied happy and healthy personality and conscious aspects of a person

In the hierarchy of needs, what needs do we typically satisfy first

the needs at the lower levels

D-love

a need based on deficiency( a need for love to satisfy an emptiness

B-love

Based on a growth need (a need for love to satisfy an emptiness)

What happens if you fail to satisfy your esteem needs

feelings of inferiority and discouragement

What state did maslow believe ppl rarely reached

Need for self actualization

two issues to maslows hierarchy of needs

-needs are partially satisfied at any given moment

-many behaviors are motivated by multiple needs

John B . Watson

-father of behaviorism

-personality was the end product of our habit system

B.F. skinner

-radical behaviorism

-concerned with operant conditioning and reinforcement

what stage shows the greatest changes in personality

young adulthood

what are some factors that influence positive personality change

state of mine and motivation

julian B rotter

-first to use the term social learning theory

internal locus of control

belief that reinforcement depends on ones own behavior

External locus of control

belief that reinforcement depends on outside forces