Honors English Final

Part one of The Odyssey

epic

long narritive poem about the deeds of gods and heros

epos

one adventure within an epic

homeric(epic) simile

extended comparison

epithet

phrase used in place of a name

gluttony

sin, eating too much

hubris

excessive pride

Who is Homer asking for help in telling his tale?

Muse

Two goals that Odysseus had when he was weathering many days and nights at sea

Save his own life, bring his shipmates home.

What quality destroyed all of Odysseus’s men?

recklessness

Who made sure Odysseus’s men didn’t return home, for revenge

Helios

Who does Odysseus tell about his adventures and where is he when he tells this tale?

Person: Alcinous

Place":Phaecia

Zeus

king of the gods and ruler of the heavens

Hera

Wife of Zeus and the goddess of married women

Poseidon

Sea God

Aphrodite

goddess of love and beauty

Ares

god of war

Apollo/Phoebus

god of prophecy and music

Atremis

goddess of the hunt and moon

Athena

goddess of wisdom, skills, and war

Hephaestus

god of fire and metalwork

Hermes

God of commerce and cunning, messenger of the gods

Demeter

goddess of the harvest

Dionysus/Bacchus

god of wine and revelry

Hestia

goddess of home and hearh

Helios

god of the sun

Uranus

sky god supplanted by his son Cronus

Gaea

earth goddess and mother of the Titans and cyclopes

Cronus

titan who ruled the universe before his son Zeus dethroned him. Sons are Zeus, Posiedon, and Hades

Hades

god of the underworld

Rhea

wife of Cronus and mother of Zeus

Cyclops

and one of three Titans who forged thunderbolts for Zeus, one eye, giant mosters

Fates

three goddesses who wove the threads of each person’s life. Cotho spun the threads, Lachesis measured out the amount of thread, and Atropos cut the thread

Muses

9 goddesses who presided over the arts and sciences, including Calliope, the Muse of epic poetry

Alcinous

king of the Phaeacians, to whom Odysseus tells his story

Odysseus

king of Ithica

Calypso

godess who loves Odysseus

Circe

enchantress who helps Odysseus

Laertes

Odysseus’s father

Perimedes and Eurylochus

members of Odysseus’s crew

Tiresias

blind prophet who advises Odysseus

Persephone

wife of Hades

Telemachus

wife of hades

sirens

creatures who lure sailors to their death

Scylla

sea monster of the gray rock

Charybdis

enormous and dangerous whirlpool

Lampetia

nymph

Eumaeus

old swineherd and friend of Odysseus

Antinous

leader among suitors

Erynome

housekeeper for Penelope

Penelope

Odysseus’s whife

Eurymachus

suitor

Amphinomus

suitor

Odysseus’s men admire him for what qualities?

Cunning, crafty, guile

Ways Odyssues is hubris early on in the story

bragging that all men admire him, his fame has reached the gods

What two female creratures detain Odysseus

Calypso and Circe

When Odysseus and his men arrive on the coast of Cicones, what do they do?

kill the men, enslave the women, took supplies, took cattle, and sail back to sea

What happened while Odysseus’s men were partying and feasting on the beach of Cicones?

Horseback army came and fought off the men.

What can you infer about the Cicones

many of them, strong, swift

Which human flaws are in the epos of the Cicones

gluttony

Lotus eaters: what was the assignment for the two picked men and runners?

What race the people of the island are

What did the men do instead? What were the side effects?

Ate the Lotus, if made them want to stay forever and forget their homeland.

What does Odysseus do about disobedient men?

Take them to the boat and tie them down under the rowing bench

Sins/flaws in the Lotus epos

gluttony, sloth, laziness

Cyclops epos- What three crops grow unutilized on the island?

Grain, wheat, barley

What don’t the cyclopes have that they should?

Laws, a community.

Cyclopes relationships with family

abusive, “dealing out rough justice to wife and child”

What metaphore describes the cyclopes

shaggy mountain

3 things in Poyphemus (cyclops) cave

cheese, lambs, goats

What do Odysseus’s men want to do before the giant comes back?

Take the cheese and animals and run away

Why does Odysseus refuse to take the cheese and animals and run away?

he wants to see the caveman

What does Odysseus try to remind Polyphemus?

Hospitality toward his guests

Why is Polyphemus not afriad of Zeus?

He believes he is stronger because he is a cyclops

Why does Odysseus tell Polyphemus that his ship was destroyed?

He doesn’t want the cyclops to destroy his ship. He said Posiedon broke it on the rocks.

What does Polyphemus do to two of the sailors

Beats their heads against rocks and eats them

Why doesn’t Odysseus kill Polyphemus while he had the chance?

No one could move the boulder door to let them out.

Why does Odysseus give Polyphemus a bowl of wine?

Get him black out drunk

What does Odysseus tell Polyphemus his name is? Why?

Nobody. When Polyphemus is impaled, he will say that nobody hurt him and that nobody blinded him.

How do Odysseus and his men escape?

Tie sheep together and hide on their underbellies

On the ship, what foolish things does Odysseus shout to Polyphemus?

His real name, where he’s from, his father’s name.

What does Polyphemus pray for to his father, Posiedon?

the men never see home again, if he makes it home, it has to be a long time away, and he has bitter dark days.

Land of the Dead: who is Aeolus and what gift does he give Odysseus?

King of the wind, gives Odysseus a sack full of all wind except the west.

Cannibals that destroy all of Odysseus’s remaining men except those on the ship?

Laestrygonians

Who turns the sailor into swine?

Circe

Why isn’t Odysseus turned into swine?

he ate a magic herb

Who does Odysseus have to consult about getting home?

Blind Prophet Tiresias

How did Eloenor die?

Drunkenly fell off of Circe’s roof

what favor does Elpenor ask of Odysseus

gather his body and items, have one person to care enough, make him a monument (grave stone)

Who is Oddysseus shocked to see in the underworld?

Anticlea (mom)

According to Tresias, who is preparing to punish Odysseus for the remainder of his journey?

Posiedon

What should the sailors avoid on Thrinacia, according to the prophet?

Helios and Cattle

If the sailors don’t follow the prophets order, what will Odysseus see at home?

Suitors with his wife.

What are sirens?

half bird half woman, creatures that sing to lure sailors into crashing their boats into the Wandering Rocks

How is Odysseus the only mortal man to hear the song and live?

The crew ties him up with ropes so he couldn’t hear.

How do the sailors not get distracted by the siren song?

Odysseus puts beeswax over their ears to block out the sound

Why doesn’t Odysseus tell his crew that they are approaching Scylla, the 6 headed sea monster?

They wouldn’t be able to escape either way, they would pointlessly panic.

Why is it safter to be near Scylla instead of Charibdis?

They would all die from Charibdis, only 6 could be taken by Scylla

Cattle of the sun god- why did the sailors drag their ship into a sea cave and what is the word for sea cave?

grotto, the wind was too strong for the ship to keep sailing.

What warning does Odysseus give his men?

dont touch anything

Why does no man avoid Helios’s eye?

He is the sun god, he sees all.

How long were they stuck in the grotto?

a month