Psych memory&learning&sleep

Sensory information Function+Capacity+Duration

function/to be noted:

• entry point for sensory information in its raw form

• filters out unnecessary information

• stores information long enough so that we perceive the world as continuous

• we are not consciously aware of most info in sensory memory

• when one PAYS ATTENTION to the sensory info → STM

Capacity:

• vast, potentially unlimited

Duration:

• momentary — about 0.2 - 4 seconds

Short-term-memory Function+Capacity+Duration

Function:

• receives information from sensory information from sensory memory and transfers information to and from LTM

• Where we manipulate sensory memory or retrieve information from LTM

• Where all conscious perceiving, feeling, thinking, reasoning, and other mental processes take place

• Maintains information in conscious awareness for immediate use

Capacity:

• 7$\pm$ 2 (5-9) items or pieces of information

Duration:

• temporary — 18 - 20 seconds, possibly up to 30 seconds

• longer if renewed (maintenance rehearsal for working memory)

Long-term-memory Function+Capacity+Duration

Function:

• information storage for re-access and use at a later time when needed

Capacity:

• Vast, potentially unlimited

Duration:

• potentially permanent

• some information may be lost of inaccessible over time

• indefinite

Iconic memory (only sensory memory)

Funtion:

• exact replica of VISUAL information

Duration:

• 0.3 - 0.5 seconds

Capacity:

• potentially unlimited, vast

Echoic memory (sensory memory only)

Function:

• exact replica of auditory information

Duration:

• 3 - 4 seconds

Capacity:

• potentially unlimited, vast

when information enter STM

• it can be retained

  • occurs when manipulating or rehearsing information

• it can be discarded

  • Happens if the information is not encoded, used or consciously rehearsed

• it can be encoded to LTM for storage