CellFunctions (copy)

Cells

smallest units that perform vital physical functions

Cell membrane

outer boundary of the cell, aka. plasma membrane
- isolation, regulates exchanges, structural support
- phospholipids, proteins(integral proteins or channel proteins), carbs

Cytoplasm

substance that holds organelles, has more proteins than extracellular fluid

Nucleus

control center of cell, nuclear membrane

Ribosomes

protein synthesis

Endoplasmic reticulum

interconnected membrane with nuclear membrane
- synthesis, storage, transport, detox

Smooth ER

synthesis and detox, storage and removal of calcium

Rough ER

protein synthesis (ribosomes), and protein storage

Golgi apparatus

communicates with vesicles to ER and cell surface
- synthesis and packaging of secretions, renewal and mod of cell surface, packaging of enzymes

Lysosomes

from golgi, contain enzymes to digest, defend against diseases, and recycle; "trash compacter and recycler"

mitochondria

powerhouse, double membrane

Cytoskeleton

a microscopic network of actin filaments and microtubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells that gives the cell shape and coherence

flagella

tail-like projections, sperm cells

nucleolus

assembly of rna and proteins, synthesizes ribosomes and ribosomal DNA

Chromosomes

twisted DNA strands into a double helix

eukaryote

cells contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, multi/uni cellular

prokaryote

unicellular, no membrane bound organelles or nucleus