Pharm Exam 4: Chemotherapy-drugs

Adverse for all Cancer-suppressing agents

Bone marrow supression(CBC, ANC)

ADministration issues(infiltration, PPE)

GI issues(N/V + GI ulceration)

Other issues:

Alopecia

Tumor Lysis Syndrome(fatal breakdown of cancer cells)
Sexual/Reproductive issues

What is “Nadir”

when most cells(bone marrow cells) die, leading to most vulnerable state

What is Febrile Neutropenia?

Fever + low neutrophil count —> MEDICAL EMERGENCY

START ANTIBIOTICS ASAP

CSFs(learned in anemia) role?

Stimulates Neutropenia colony formation —> helps with chemotherapy induced neutropenia

Filgrastim adverse:

Bone pain(from stim. bone marrow to make more)

Leukocytosis(excessive WBC production)

What agent to help in Chemotherapy induced Anemia

ESA’s Epoetin Alfa, Darbepoetin Alfa

ESA adverse:

Hypertension + Thrombosis Risk

Can ^ tumor progression

DO NOT USE IN CKD or CARDIAC PATIENTS

Anthracycline Adverse:

CARDIOTOXICITY

Red discoloration of bodily fluids

Vincristine Adverse:

Peripheral/PSNS Neuropathy aka NERVE DAMAGE

BADGOATS

Cyclophosphamide

Acute hemorrhagic cystitis —> Kidney + Bladder damage

BADGOATS

What is Mesna?

Uro-protectant typically given with Cyclophosphamide

Cisplastin adverse:

OTOTOXICITY

RENAL TOXICITY

BADGOATS

Bleomycin adverse:

PULMONARY FIBROSIS

BAD GOATS

what is Methotrexate used for?

In high dose —> Cancer

Low dose —> Rheumatoid Arthritis

Ectopic pregnancies

Methotrexate adverse:

Inhibition of DNA synthesis of cancer cells

Kills Cancer, but BAD GOATS in higher doses

What 2 drug groups should you avoid on Methotrexate?

NSAIDs + Antibiotics

What is Leucovorin?

Methotrexate Rescue

How often is Methotrexate given?

ONCE WEEKLY, DO NOT GIVE OFTEN(HIGH DOSE—> BADGOATS

What is Tamoxifen?

SERM

WHat is Raloxifene

SERM

What is Bazedoxifene?

SERM

What is Ospermefene?

SERM

What does Tamoxifen do?

Increases endometrial activity, bone and clotting

Decreases breast activity + vasomotor center

Tamoxiden adverse

Endometrial cancer risk

Hot flashes

Blood clots

What does Raloxifene do?

Increases Bone + clotting

Decreases Endometrial, Breast activity + Vasomotor center

Raloxifene adverse:

Hot flashes

Clot risk