Psychotherapy

Psychodynamic Therapy: Core Idea

Childhood experiences and unconscious conflicts shape behavior; defense mechanisms manage conflict; therapy increases insight.

Behavior Therapy: Core Principle

Behavior is learned through classical and operant conditioning; change behavior by modifying reinforcement.

Humanistic Therapy: Core Belief

People naturally move toward health and self‑actualization under supportive conditions.

Person‑Centered Therapy: Necessary Conditions

Unconditional positive regard, accurate empathy, congruence/genuineness.

Cognitive Therapy: Core Idea

Distress is caused by faulty information processing and cognitive distortions.

Cognitive Triad of Depression

Negative thoughts about the self, the world, and the future.

CBT Model

Thoughts, emotions, and behaviors influence each other bidirectionally.

Cognitive Restructuring Steps

Identify automatic thoughts; identify mood; test thought as hypothesis; evidence for/against; alternative belief; mood change.

Behavioral Techniques in CBT

Diaphragmatic breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, exposure and response prevention, behavioral activation, guided imagery.

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: Six Core Processes (Hexaflex) + Goal

Acceptance, cognitive defusion, contact with the present moment, self‑as‑context, values, committed action. Goal=develop psychological flexibility (see lecture for more detail)