Evidence of evolution

Evolution

The process of change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations, leading to the development of new forms and species from common descent

Why do organisms evolve?

To increase survival success, selection pressure, inheritance

Evidence of evolution

Fossil record, anatomical and embryological comparative anatomy, molecular evidence

Fossil

Any evidence of the existence of an organism during the recent of ancient past

Geological timescale

depicts the history of life based on the fossil record. It divides the history of the earth into eras, periods, and epochs.

Homologous

Structures have a similar underlying structure but different functions, indicating a common ancestor

Analogous

Structures have different structures but similar functions, indicating a separate evolutionary paths to adapt to similar environments

Hox Genes

a group of master control genes that determine the basic body plan and segment identity in animal embryos, from the head to the tail

Cytochrome C

A carrier of electrons in the electron transport chain (aerobic respiration). It is found in nearly all aerobic organisms, making it useful for tracing deep evolutionary history

Antigens

Foreign substances like viruses or bacteria that trigger an immune response

Antibodies

Y-shaped proteins produced by your immune system to identify and neutralize these specific antigens