Cells 17

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Last updated 3:15 AM on 6/7/26
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8 Terms

1
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What is the Lyon Hypothesis?
One X chromosome in female cells is largely inactivated to balance gene dosage.
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What is X-inactivation?
The process where one X chromosome in female cells is switched off.
3
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Why does X-inactivation occur?
To provide dosage compensation between XX females and XY males.
4
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When does X-inactivation occur?
Early in embryonic development.
5
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Is X-inactivation random?

Yes, either maternal or paternal X chromosome is randomly inactivated.

6
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What is a Barr body?
A highly condensed inactive X chromosome.
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Why are calico cats patchy in colour?

Random X-inactivation causes cells to express the orange allele and others the black allele.

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Why are X-linked diseases often more common in males?
Males have only one X chromosome, so a mutant allele has no normal copy to mask its effects.