Phase

What does it mean when two waves are in phase?

Peaks & valleys happen at the same time and they’re strong and loud.

What does it mean when two waves are 90 degrees out of phase?

Peaks & valleys happen at different times and they’re thin and hollow.

What does it mean when two waves are 180 degrees out of phase?

Peaks & valleys happen at opposite times and they’re inaudible.

How can a tape measure be used to avoid phase cancellation?

 This ensures both microphones are equidistant from the sound source.

How can increasing separation between mics avoid phase cancellation?

Ensure any two microphones are not too close together. Increase the distance between microphones to reduce the effects of phase cancellation.

How can using the 3-1 rule avoid phase cancellation?

In order to avoid phase cancellation between microphones, the distance between both mics should be at least three times the distance from the sound source.

How can you attempt to fix phase issues after recording? (2)

Pan parts opposite each other. Use the phase invert switch

What is proximity effect?

Proximity effect is the increase in bass when a sound source gets very close to a directional microphone.

Is proximity effect positive or negative?

Used by vocalists, podcasters and beatboxers to add richness to the voice but an lead to muddy, overly bass-heavy recordings if not controlled.

How is proximity effect reduced?

Move the microphone off axis so it is not facing the sound source directly.