Unit 2 Exam (NHST)

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Last updated 5:51 AM on 3/26/26
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18 Terms

1
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Which two would be “valid statistical conclusions”?

Correct rejection & correct retention

2
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Which two would be “invalid statistical conclusions”?

False alarm & miss

3
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What is a type I error?

Rejecting H0 when it shouldn’t be rejected

4
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What is a type II error?

Retaining H0 when it should be rejected

5
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What is another name for a false alarm?

Type I error

6
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What is the name for a miss?

Type II error

7
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What is it called when you mistakenly decide the variables are related in the target population?

Type I error or False Alarm

8
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What is it called when you mistakenly conclude the variables are not related in the target population?

Type II error or a miss

9
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What is it called when you correctly conclude the variables are related in the target population but get the direction or pattern wrong?

Type III error or a misspecification

10
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What error/s may be the result of poor sampling, poor measurement or sampling variability?

Type I, II and III errors

11
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What error/s may be the result of poor sampling, poor measurement or sampling variability AND having a too small sample?

Type II error

12
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If H0 is true in the pop, p<0.5 will lead you to make what descion and what error?

correct retention and type I error (false alarm)

13
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If H0 is true in the pop, p>.05 will lead you to make…

a correct retention

14
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If H0 is false in the pop, p>.05 will lead you to make what kind of error?

Type II aka a miss

15
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If H0 is false in the pop, p<.05 will lead you to make a…

correct rejection

16
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What does NHST stand for?

Null Hypothesis Significance Testing

17
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What is the process of NHST?

  1. State the Hypotheses

  2. Set Significance Level

  3. Collect/Analyze Data

  4. Determine the P-value

  5. Make Decision

  6. Interpret Results

18
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What are the possible outcomes of NHST?

  1. correct retention: Rejecting the null hypothesis when p<0.5.

  2. correct rejection: We fail to reject H0 when the p>0.5

  3. Type 1 error: Reject H0 when its actually true.

  4. Type 2 error: Fail to reject H0 when its actually false

  5. Type 3 error: Rejecting H0 for the wrong reason.