Immunology Lecture 24 - HPV Vaccines (O'Donnell)

human papillomavirus

what is the most common STI in the US

true

T or F - The majority of patients with HPV do not experience symptoms

- genital warts

- mouth/throat cancer

- cervical cancer

- anus/rectal cancer

- penile cancer

what can be caused by HPV

cervical

what is the second leading type of cancer in women that can be prevented with the HPV vaccine

16 and 18

what are the two main strains of HPV

- gardasil 4

- gardasil 9 (US)

what are the two vaccines for HPV and which ones is still available today in the US

true

T or F - HPV vaccination is recommended for both men and women

true

T or F - there is not specific treatment available for HPV

large, darker staining nuclei with irregular shapes

identification and monitoring are critical in the therapy of HPV. in a pap smear, what is indicative of HPV

L1

capsid protein in a naked DNA virus that spontaneously assembles

false

T or F - Gardasil-9 is a live vaccine

- aluminum hydroxy phosphate sulfate (adjuvant)

- virus like particles containing L1 (antigen)

what are the two main components of the Gardasil 9 vaccine and what do they act as (adjuvant or antigen)

false

T or F - VLPs are infectious and oncogenic

true

T or F - VLPs are highly immunologic

antibodies and B cell memory

what do the VLPs in the Gardasil vaccine produce high levels of

true

T or F - Some antibodies for HPV can cross protect against other HPV strains that are not in the vaccines

sterilizing immunity

immunity that was formed in most subjects that gives complete protection without any detectable virus

false

T or F - Only high levels of neutralizing antibodies are protective against HPV

seroconvert

specific antibody becomes detectable in the blood to change a blood test from positive to negative; occurs in women after Gardasil vaccine

weeks, quicker

antibody response occurs within ___________ of immunization which is _______ than the natural infection (months)

- route of administration of vaccine (VLPs reach the lymphatics)

- natural infections are mostly mucosal

why does the HPV vaccine produce a better antibody response than the natural infection

true

T or F - HPV vaccines can protect against cancer AND infection

herd immunity

what type of immunity must be generated to provide protection against HPV

herd immunity

immunity that occurs when a high percentage of the population is immune to a disease so that the spread becomes unlikely to those not immune and to those who are unable to receive the vaccine

11-12

what is the recommended age to receive the HPV vaccine

before

it is recommended to get the HPV vaccine ________ sexual activity

9-14, 15+

if the vaccine is initiated at ages _____-_____ it requires 2 doses but if it is initiated at _____+ it requires 3 doses

shared clinical decision making

the use of the HPV vaccine is dependent on ______________

- someone who has had a life-threatening reaction to prior dose of the vaccine

- someone who has had a life-threatening reaction to yeast

who cannot receive the HPV vaccine?

prophylactic

HPV vaccines are ___________ meaning they prevent rather than treat

false

T or F - HPV vaccines are therapeutic vaccines

- issues with finishing the doses

- concerns that HPV vaccines would lead to sexual inhibition

- safety concerns

- lack of necessity

what are some limitations to the HPV vaccine

false

T or F - HPV vaccines are found to increase sexual activity

- mild injection site reactions

- syncope

what are the most common side effects of HPV

false

T or F - HPV vaccines have unusual side effects

it is seen with other vaccines so we can attribute it to the age group

why can we still administer the HPV vaccine even though it has been seen to cause syncope in adolescents