Review of Units 1 and 2 Themes

A collection of key terms and definitions related to Units 1 and 2, focusing on significant historical events and themes.

Neo-Confucian Values

Values used by the Song Dynasty to justify their rule between 960-1279.

Mandate of Heaven

A traditional Chinese concept that holds that heaven grants emperors the right to rule based on their ability to govern well and fairly.

Sufism

A mystical Islamic belief system that emphasizes personal experience of God and has influenced trade and culture in South and Central Asia.

Pax Mongolica

A period of relative peace and stability across Eurasia during the Mongol Empire, which facilitated trade and cultural exchange.

Filial Piety

A virtue of respect for one’s parents and ancestors in Confucianism, significant in Chinese culture.

Aztec Tribute Lists

A system used by the Mexica (Aztecs) to keep track of tributes paid by conquered peoples, crucial for their economy.

Trans-Saharan Trade Routes

Trade routes that traversed the Sahara, increasing the volume of trade as a result of technological and environmental changes.

Cultural Connectivity

The interconnectedness of different cultures through trade and exchange, leading to shared practices, beliefs, and innovations.

Angkor Wat

A temple complex in Cambodia built by the Khmer Empire, exemplifying the influence of Hinduism and Buddhism in Southeast Asia.

Caravansaries

Roadside inns where travelers could rest and recuperate along trade routes such as the Silk Road.

Mansa Musa

The emperor of the Mali Empire known for his pilgrimage to Mecca and for significantly enriching the surrounding regions.

Bubonic Plague

A deadly disease that spread across Eurasia, greatly influenced by trade routes, particularly during the Mongol conquests.

Indian Ocean Trade

A trade network based on environmental knowledge that connected various cultures through the exchange of goods and ideas.

Cultural Exchange

The process through which different cultures share ideas, practices, and goods, resulting in mutual influence.

House of Wisdom

A major intellectual center during the Islamic Golden Age in Baghdad where scholars from different cultures exchanged knowledge.