Named Radiographic Projections Practice

Grashey

AP oblique shoulder projection used to visualize the glenohumeral joint space without overlap from the humeral head or glenoid cavity

Towne

AP axial skull projection used to visualize the occipital bone, petrous pyramids, dorsum sellae, and posterior clinoid processes within the foramen magnum

Stecher

PA axial projection, often with 20-degree ulnar deviation, used to visualize the scaphoid bone in the wrist without superimposition, typically to detect fractures

Waters

Skull projection primarily used to visualize the maxillary sinuses, facial bones, zygomatic arches

Harris and Beath

Weight-bearing axial projection used to visualize the calcaneus, subtalar joint facets, and sustentaculum tali

Camp Coventry

PA axial projection used to visualize the intercondylar fossa of the knee. Patient is prone

Caldwell

PA axial skull projection used primarily to visualize the paranasal sinuses, orbital rims, and facial bones

Lateral Spot

Lumbar spine (L5-S1) projection aimed at imaging the lumbosacral junction in a true lateral position to visualize the intervertebral disc spaces

Holmblad

PA axial view of the knee used to visualize the intercondylar fossa, tibial plateaus, and joint space. Patient is knee-kneeling

Lawrence

Inferosuperior axial view of the shoulder used to visualize the glenohumeral joint, humeral head, and coracoid process

Merchant

A superior-inferior axial knee X-ray technique used to evaluate the patellofemoral joint

Coyle Axial Lateral

Gaynor-Hart