Forces , energy conversion (sci sec2)

Contact Forces

Forces that occur between objects that are in physical contact with each other.

Non-Contact Forces

Forces that act at a distance, such as gravitational and magnetic forces.

Frictional Force

A force that generates heat when two objects rub against each other, allowing movement and stopping.

Elastic Force

The force exerted by an object when it is stretched or compressed, like a rubber band or a spring.

Gravitational Force

The force that attracts an object towards the center of the Earth, related to its weight.

Magnetic Force

The force exerted between magnets or magnetic materials, where like poles repel and unlike poles attract.

Mass

The amount of matter in an object, measured in kilograms (kg) and constant everywhere.

Weight

The force exerted by gravity on an object, measured in Newtons (N), varying with location.

Pressure

The force exerted per unit area, usually in pascals (Pa).

Factors Affecting Pressure

Surface area affects pressure; smaller surface area results in greater pressure and larger surface area results in lesser pressure.

Work Done

The amount of energy transferred when a force moves an object in the direction of the force, measured in Joules (J).

Kinetic Energy (KE)

The energy of an object in motion, calculated using the formula KE = ½ x mass(kg) x speed².

Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)

Energy possessed by an object due to its position, calculated using the formula GPE = mass(kg) x gfs(10N/kg) x height(m).

Energy Conservation

The principle that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can change forms.