Ch. 8 Quiz

b. A search warrant

_______ is an order, issued by a judge, directing officers to conduct a search of specified premises for specified objects.

a. An arrest warrant
b. A search warrant
c. A seizure warrant
d. A property order
e. A custodial warrant

d. ​Probable cause

________ is the evidentiary criterion necessary to sustain an arrest or the issuance of an arrest or search warrant.

a. The hearsay rule.
b. ​The in-presence requirement.
c. ​The fruit of the poisonous tree requirement.
d. ​Probable cause
e. Reasonable suspicion

c. Particularity

________ is the requirement that a search warrant state precisely where the search is to take place and what items are to be seized.

a. The hearsay rule
b. ​The in-presence requirement
c. Particularity
d. ​Probable cause
e. Reasonable suspicion

a. An ​arrest

​_____________ occurs when a police officer takes a person into custody or deprives a person of freedom for having allegedly committed a criminal offense.

a. An ​arrest
b. A search
c. ​A warrantless search
d. ​A seizure
e. ​A stop

c. ​search.

A government actor's infringement on a person's reasonable expectation of privacy is referred to as a:​

a. warrant.
b. ​curtilage.
c. ​search.
d. ​seizure.
e. ​demand.

a. ​police officers use some minor offence to stop a car because they suspect the driver is involved in a crime but they lack probable cause.

A pretext stop is one in which:

a. ​police officers use some minor offence to stop a car because they suspect the driver is involved in a crime but they lack probable cause.
b. police officers have probable cause that a driver is involved in a crime.
c. an undercover unit witnesses a driver committing a crime (such as a drug purchase) and a secondary vehicle makes the stop.
d. ​a car has multiple passengers, so a search is necessary for officer safety.
e. ​an unmarked police vehicle deliberately creates a traffic accident.

c. ​bringing a representative of the media.

All of the following are procedural steps for serving a warrant, except:​

a. ​knocking and announcing.
b. ​using appropriate force.
c. ​bringing a representative of the media.
d. ​limiting the scope and manner of the search.
e. ​All of the above are procedural steps.

b. an ​open field.

Any unoccupied or undeveloped real property outside the grounds attached to a home is referred to as:​

a. curtilage.
b. an ​open field.
c. abandoned property.
d. ​private property.
e. ​imminent domain.

d. a ​probable cause hearing

If a person is subjected to a warrantless arrest, __________ will determine whether probable cause that the person committed the crime existed.

a. the ​bail hearing
b. exigent circumstances
c. ​a consent search
d. a ​probable cause hearing
e. ​plain view circumstances

a. the need for crime prevention and detection and the need to protect the officer.

Respectively, the two components of the stop and frisk are justified by:

a. the need for crime prevention and detection and the need to protect the officer.
b. the need to document reasonable suspicion and the need to establish probable cause for arrest.
c. the need to establish police presence as a crime deterrent and the need to preserve potential evidence from destruction.
d. the need ​to document reasonable suspicion and the need to preserve potential evidence from destruction.
e. the need ​for social order and the need to establish a police presence.

b. in-presence requirement

The _________ forbids a police officer from arresting someone for a misdemeanor unless the officer sees the crime occur.

a. ​hearsay rule
b. in-presence requirement
c. fruit of the poisonous tree requirement
d. ​probable cause rule
e. ​reasonable suspicion standard

b. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA).

The legal grounds that authorize wiretapping of any alien that the government believes is a member of a foreign terrorist group or an agent of foreign power is called the:​

a. Terrorist Exemption Act (TEA).
b. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA).
c. Wiretap and Surveillance Protection Act (WASP).
d. Systematic Wiretapping and Eavesdropping Exemption Pact (SWEEP).
e. ​Roving Wiretap Act (RWA).

e. ​​All of the above are established by Miranda.

The Miranda rights established the ________.

a. right to remain silent
b. ​right to have an attorney present during questioning
c. stipulation that any statements made can be used in court
d. right to have an attorney appoint if can't afford one
e. ​​All of the above are established by Miranda.

a. good faith exception

The principle that evidence may be used in a criminal trial even though the search warrant used to obtain it was technically faulty, as long as police acted without malice when they sought the warrant is called the:​

a. good faith exception
b. fruit of the poisonous tree exception.
c. ​inevitable discovery.
d. ​compassion rule.
e. ​duty obligation.

a. probable cause, a neutral and detached magistrate, and particularity

The requirements that must be satisfied before a warrant can be issued are:

a. probable cause, a neutral and detached magistrate, and particularity
b. reasonable suspicion, an officer's ​first-hand knowledge, a neutral and detached magistrate, and particularity.
c. reasonable suspicion, probable cause, and an officer's ​first-hand knowledge.
d. an officer's ​first-hand knowledge, informants, and ​anonymous tips.
e. a neutral and detached magistrate and particularity.

a. Fourth

​When the Supreme Court hears cases pertaining to search and seizures, they draw mainly on the ________Amendment.

a. Fourth
b. Fifth
c. Sixth
d. ​Eighth
e. ​Tenth

c. ​It was applied to federal courts before state courts.

Which statement is true of the exclusionary rule?​

a. It does not apply to all state law enforcement authorities.
b. ​It is a binding rule with no exceptions.
c. ​It was applied to federal courts before state courts.
d. ​It guarantees rights under the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments.
e. ​It allows all evidence to be introduced in court.

c. a public street

Which would not be considered a curtilage?

a. a yard surrounding a house
b. a secured outbuildings, such as a detached workshop
c. a public street
d. a fenced in and secure portion of private property
e. All of the above would be considered a curtilage.