Chapter 18: Urinary System

Nephrology

study of the kidney

How do Kidneys help maintain Homeostasis?

Blood filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.

How often does the bladder empty w/o nervous system control?

Every four hours

Hilus

The indented area on the medial side of the kidney. Where the blood, lymph vessels, nerves, and ureters enter and exit the kidney.

What does the Urinary system do?

The urinary system is the single most important route of waste product removal in the body. In addition, Major route for the elimination of excess water from the body.

What are the parts of the urinary system?

2 kidneys, 2 ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

Renal pelvis

Urine collection chamber that forms the beginning of the ureter

Nephron

basic functional unit of the kidney. Composed of the renal corpuscle, a proximal convoluted tubule, a loop of Henle, and a distal convoluted tubule.

Renal coruscle

Located in the cortex made of the glomerulus and bowman's capsule

Glomerulus

Tuft of glomerular capillaries

Podocytes

"Foot Cells" have foot like extensions that cover the glomerular capillaries

Glomerular Filtrate

fluid that is filtered out of the blood

Proximal Convoluted tubule

Continuation of the capsular space. Longest part of the tubular system

Collecting duct

Carries tubular filtrate through the medulla into the calyces leading to the renal pelvis. Has potassium regulation and acid-base control

Ureters

Two tubes that exit the kidneys and connect to the urinary bladder

3 Layers of the ureters?

outer fibrous layer, middle muscular layer, inner epithelial layer

Urinary Bladder

Stores urine and releases it

3 steps of Urination?

urine accumulation, muscle contraction, sphincter muscle control

Uretha

a continuation of the neck of the urinary bladder that carries urine from the bladder to the outside environment. The female is shorter and straighter than the male.