unit 8/9 names

Harry Truman

33rd President. Led the U.S. to victory in WWII by using atomic weapons for the first time; shaped U.S. foreign policy regarding the Soviet Union after the war - Containment policy

Dwight Eisenhower

34th President during 1950s; Mutually Assured Destruction; Interstate Highway Act; Korean War; Integrated Little Rock HS

John F. Kennedy

35th President; Bay of Pigs Failure; Cuban Missile Crisis; "Go to the Moon" Speech; assassinated in Dallas in 1963

Robert F. Kennedy

Secretary of State during Cuban Missile Crisis; Democratic Presidential candidate; assassinated

Lyndon B. Johnson

36th President; Assumed power after JFK assassinated; Gulf of Tonkin escalation of Vietnam War; Civil Rights Act 1964; Voting Rights Act 1965; Tet Offensive; Great Society

Richard Nixon

37th President; Vietnamization Plan; Peace with Honor; Detente/SALT I; opened trade with China; resigned from office after Watergate Scandal

Jimmy Carter

39th President; Camp David Accords; created Department of Energy; created Department of Education; called off SALT II; boycotted 1980 Olympics; Iran Hostage Crisis

Gerald Ford

38th President; pardoned previous president; Helsinki Accords; Saigon falls; inflation and stagflation

Ronald Reagan

40th President; New Conservative Republican Movement; supported by Moral Majority; Supply-Side Economic policy; Peace through Strength; appointed first female to SCOTUS; Iran-Contra Affair

George H. W. Bush

41st President; end of Cold War; First Persian Gulf War; ADA passed; "Read my lips: no new taxes"

George W. Bush

43rd President; 9/11 Attacks; War on Terror; invasion of Afghanistan; invasion of Iraq; Hurricane Katrina; No Child Left Behind; Great Recession

Bill Clinton

42nd President; joined numerous international treaty organizations; balanced budget; raised taxes; impeached for perjury but acquitted

Barack Obama

44th President; first African American president; Affordable Health Care Act; first Hispanic female appointed to SCOTUS; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA)

Henry Kissinger

Secretary of State during Nixon Presidency; established Vietnamization Plan and Peace with Honor

Hillary Clinton

First Lady; Secretary of State under Obama; first female presidential candidate for major political party

Winston Churchill

Prime Minister of UK during WWII and Yalta/Potsdam Conferences; coined the term "Iron Curtain"

Douglas MacArthur

General during WWII and Korean War; relieved of duty during Korean War for wanting to expand war

Ho Chi Minh

Communist leader of North Vietnam; led the fight against the French and then the U.S. to reunify the country

Joseph Stalin

Bolshevik revolutionary; dictator of Soviet Union from 1928 to 1953; used Five-Year Plans to increase industrial production

Nikita Khrushchev

Premier of Soviet Union from 1954-1964; during brinkmanship and Cuban Missile Crisis

Leonid Brezhnev

Leader of Soviet Union from 1964-1982; during Detente in 1970s

Gary Powers

U2 spy plane pilot shot down and captured by USSR while flying over Soviet airspace, proving that U.S. lied

Martin Luther King Jr.

U.S. Baptist minister and civil rights leader; opposed discrimination through nonviolent resistance and peaceful demonstrations

Malcolm X

Militant civil rights activist within the Nation of Islam; assassinated in 1965

Fannie Lou Hamer

Leader of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party

Ella Baker

Female civil rights activist that worked with SCLC and SNCC

John Lewis

Leader of SNCC; led the Selma Marches

Gloria Steinem

Feminist; founded NOW with Friedan; founded Ms. Magazine

Betty Friedan

Author of "The Feminine Mystique"; feminist leader; founder of NOW

Dolores Huerta

Co-founded the United Farm Workers of America; led grape boycotts

Phyllis Schlafly

Anti-feminist; led the anti-ERA movement

Hector Perez Garcia

First Mexican-American to serve on U.S. Commission on Civil Rights; fought discrimination of Mexican American veterans

Roy Benavidez

Hero from Vietnam War; earned Medal of Honor

Julius Rosenberg

American convicted and executed for passing nuclear secrets to Soviets during 1950s

Joseph McCarthy

1950s Wisconsin senator; claimed communists in government without evidence; led Red Scare and McCarthyism

Alger Hiss

State Department official accused of being Communist spy; convicted of perjury; case prosecuted by Nixon

Beatles

British band that invaded U.S. music scene in 1960s

Elvis Presley

King of Rock and Roll; 1950s artist

George Wallace

Pro-segregation governor of Alabama; ran for president in 1968 on segregation and law/order platform; later paralyzed after assassination attempt

Orval Faubus

Anti-integration governor of Arkansas; opposed Little Rock Nine

Barry Goldwater

Republican presidential candidate in 1964 against LBJ; criticized in Daisy Ad

Monica Lewinsky

White House intern that had affair with President Clinton

Kenneth Starr

Investigator that uncovered the Clinton-Lewinsky affair

Mikhail Gorbachev

Head of Soviet Union 1985-1991; policies of Glasnost and Perestroika; reforms led to collapse of communism in Eastern Europe

Osama Bin Laden

Leader of al Qaeda; organized 9/11 attacks; killed by U.S. forces in Pakistan

Saddam Hussein

Dictator of Iraq during Gulf War; removed from power in 2003 U.S. invasion

Harvey Milk

First openly gay man elected to public office in California

Lee Harvey Oswald

Assassin of President Kennedy

Stokely Carmichael

Former SNCC member; leader of Black Panther Party

John Foster Dulles

Secretary of State under Eisenhower; supported brinkmanship

Rachel Carson

Author of Silent Spring; raised environmental awareness and led to banning of pesticides

Thurgood Marshall

NAACP lawyer for Brown v. Board; first African American Supreme Court justice

Earl Warren

Chief Justice of Supreme Court during 1950s-60s; activist court

George Marshall

Truman’s Secretary of State; created Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe after WWII

Sandra Day O’Connor

First female Supreme Court justice; appointed by Reagan

Ruth Bader Ginsburg

Second female Supreme Court justice; known for dissenting opinions

Sonia Sotomayor

First Hispanic female Supreme Court justice; appointed by Obama

Al Gore

Democratic presidential candidate in 2000; lost after Supreme Court stopped Florida recount

Ross Perot

Third-party candidate in 1992; received nearly 20% of popular vote

Heman Sweatt

Fought for equal rights in higher education; desegregated UT Law School

Bull Connor

Aggressive police chief in Birmingham; segregationist

Jackie Robinson

Desegregated Major League Baseball

Medgar Evers

NAACP leader; assassinated during civil rights movement

Ngo Dinh Diem

Leader of South Vietnam; overthrown in 1963 coup

Robert McNamara

Secretary of Defense during Vietnam War escalation; resigned by 1968

George Kennan

Wrote Long Telegram; proposed containment policy against USSR

Mao Zedong

Communist leader of China during 1949 revolution

Chiang Kai-shek

Democratic leader of China (Taiwan)

Fidel Castro

Communist leader of Cuba; allied with USSR; Bay of Pigs conflict

Warren Burger

Chief Justice of Supreme Court in 1970s; conservative

Carl Bernstein

Journalist who investigated Watergate scandal

Bob Woodward

Journalist who investigated Watergate scandal

Spiro Agnew

Vice President under Nixon; resigned from office

Anwar Sadat

Egyptian leader; negotiated Camp David Accords; won Nobel Prize; assassinated

Menachem Begin

Israeli leader; negotiated Camp David Accords; won Nobel Prize

Ayatollah Khomeini

Religious leader of Iran; led 1979 Islamic Revolution; seized U.S. Embassy

Billy Graham

Evangelical Christian preacher; advisor to presidents

Nelson Mandela

Leader of South Africa; helped end apartheid

John McCain

Republican presidential candidate in 2008; lost to Obama

Geraldine Ferraro

First female Democratic vice presidential candidate