speech study guide quiz #1

_________ are the beliefs, values, and moral principles by which we determine what is right or wrong.

ethics

The use of symbols in communication is complicated because:

symbols may be assigned multiple meanings

You have previous experience in public speaking, tend to be less sensitive to apprehension, and have a lower heart rate when speaking. What is your style of communication apprehension?

average

Language is symbolic because:

Language uses words to represent objects and ideas

With the _______ style of communication apprehension, your heart rate will be the highest when speaking publicly, however some people use this high level to enhance their performance and use the fear to motivate them to prepare and be at their best.

inflexible

Some researchers point out that public-speaking apprehension can involve both a ______, a characteristic or general tendency that you may have, and a _____, anxiety triggered by the specific incidence of giving a speech to an audience.

trait; state

The perspective of 'communication as transation' is preferred by your text's authors because:

it accounts for the creaiton of new meanings through communication

What style of communication apprehension do you have if you, like many people, you have a very high heart rate as you begin presenting a speech, and then your heart rate tapers off to more average levels.

confrontational

Interpretivist approach

suggests there are multiple truths and realities that exist to every outcome and is anchored in the Grounded Theory

Grounded Theory

an inductive method of generating theory from data by creating categories in which to place data and then looking for relationships among categories

Critical approach

seeks to identify the hidden but formidable symbolic structures and practices that create or uphold disadvantage, inequity, or oppression of some groups in favor of others

Social scientific approach

views the world as objective, casual, and predictable

Historiography

the study of historical writing, speech

Which style of communication apprehension is generally associated with channeling nervous energy to improve public speaking?

inflexible

A speaker's ability to translate the ideas and images in her mind into verbal or nonverbal messages that an audience can understand is termed:

encoding

In the introduction of her presuasive speech, Tori tells a hypothetical story and makes it sound as if it had actually happened to her. Is this appropriate?

No, because she is violating an ethical principle whihc requires that speakers be honest.

Speakers with the ___ style of communication apprehension have a generally positive approach to public speaking and rate their own performance as the highest compared to those with other styles.

average

An audience member is worried about an upcoming exam and is unlikely to remember much of what the speaker says. This is a type of

internal noise

The approach to studying communication that seeks to identify hidden symbolic structures that create or uphold disadvantage, inequity, or oppression of some groups in favor of others is called:

critical

Social Construction Theory

The idea that symbols take on meaning as they are used in a society overtime

The Critial Approach

seeks to identify the hidden but symbolic structures and practices that create or uphold disadvantage, ineqaulity, or oppression of some groups in favor of others.

Credibility

the audience's perception that the speaker is knowledgeable, competent, dynamic, and trustworthy

A socially responsible goal

one that gives listeners choices

The three characteristics of symbols

arbitrary, abstract, and ambiguous

The constitutive approach

the idea that communication can create or bring into existence something that had not been there before

What are three ways we study Communication and describe the key feature of each

The social scientific approach has one truth;

Interpreteuist can have many truths

Critical seeks to indentify power and inbalances in society

5 criteria for ethical speaking

• be honest

• have a clear goal

• have sound evidence

• avoid plagiorism

• be sensitive and appreciative of other backgrounds

Define Communication

The transactive use of symbols influenced, guided, and understood in the context of relationships

7 components of the Communication model

-source

-message

-channel

-noise

-receiver

-feedback

-context

What is the defining feature of the Transactive Communication Model

it creates a shared understanding between the sender and receiver

What are the three emergent areas of Communication discussed in the chapter 2

-interpersonal communication

-Rhetorical Criticism/ rhetoric

-Mass communication