ANT 1: significant people

What did Francis Galton do?

proposed the “regression line”

• published his article in 1886, “Regression towards Mediocrity”

who was Gregor Mendel (1884-1922) and what did he do?

an Austrian scientist known as the “father of genetics”, and he discovered the principles of inheritance

• he experimented with peas: Medel’s Pea Experiment

who was Reginald Punnett and what did he do?

proposed that Punnett square to visualize the mathematical concept that is involved in genetic inheritances of parent gametes determining the 25% possibly of the genotype or phenotype of their offsprings

who was Godfrey H. Hardy (1877 - 1947) and Wilhelm Weinberg (1862-1937)?

an English mathematician from Cambridge University and a German physician, geneticist, and medical statistician

• they independently developed and formulated a mathematical formula p² + 2pq + q² = 1, which acts as a null hypothesis for biologists

who were the 3 main founders of population and quantitive genetics?

1. Ronald Fisher

2. JBS Haldane

3. Sewall wright

who was Ronald Fisher and what did he do?

• proposed a mathematical equation to determine the correlation between/w gene and phenotype (height)

• considered dominant traits as + (p); and recessive trait as - (q)

• applied Hardy-Weinberg to assume frequency of height of population

• through his application of engaging with the loci and the law of independent assortment, he was able to predict the height distribution of the British army men, but also that his mathematical model can be applied to every pop.

• modern studies suggest that this thought of Fisher’s was fairly accurate

who was Carl Linnaeus and what did he do?

proposed and presented the modern taxonomy

• he sorted out species on Earth through a hierarchical classification

Who was George Cuvier?

he was a French naturalist and zoologist

• he founded modern comparative anatomy (morphology) and vertebrate paleontology, establishing extinction as a fact

• developed the techniques to analyze and reconstruct extinct animals from fragmented fossil remains based on his principles of “correlation of parts”

who was Thomas Robert Malthus and what did he do (1766 - 1834)?

who was Jean-Baptise Lamarck (1744 - 1834)?

French biologist best known for his idea that acquired characteristics are heritable, an idea known as Lamarckism

who was Alfred R. Wallace

theorized the discovery of this imaginary line that separates southeast Asia and Australia region and species west of the line are Asiatic species, and species to the east are mostly Australian species

who was Charles R. Darwin (1809 - 1882)

English naturalist who proposed that evolution is driven by natural selection, he published his book On the Origin of Species (1859) based on this findings of the natural selection as well as The Descent of Man (1871) which applied his theories to human evolution