Tech+ Cert

Software as a service (SaaS)

A cloud service model that provides complete software to end users through the internet

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

A cloud computing model that provides virtualized computing resources online

Platform as a service (PaaS)

a cloud computing model that provides developers with a platform to build, deploy, and manage applications (Unity)

Hostname

a unique label assigned to a device connected to a computer network

NTFS (New Tech File System)

the file system commonly used by modern Windows systems and supports permissions

FAT32 (File Allocation Tab 32)

The file system used for disk drives

ext4 (fourth extended filesystem)

The file system for Linux

exFAT (extensible file allocation table)

The optimized file system for USB flash memory drives compatible with Windows and macOS

APFS (Apple File System)

a proprietary file system developed and deployed by Apple Inc

GUI (Graphical User Interface)

software programs that display an interface on the screen with which users can interact

Touch UI

user interfaces designed for touch-based devices

CLI (Command Line Interface)

a text-based interface where you can input commands that interact with a computer's operating system

Compiled language

a programming language that is usually implemented with a compiler rather than an interpreter

Interpreted language

a programming language that executes instructions directly, without the need for a separate compilation step

Assembly language

a low-level (human-readable) language that helps to communicate directly with computer hardware

Markup language

a type of communicative language used to annotate, emphasize, or distinguish text on a page

Full Backup

backup type that copies all selected data every time the backup runs

Incremental Backup

backup type that usually saves only changes since the last backup of any kind

Clone Backup

backup type that creates a duplicate of data as it existed when the clone was started

Access Point

the device that extends the range of a network

Modem

a device that brings internet service into the home from internet service providers

Router

a device that delivers internet connection to the devices in your home, allowing them to connect wirelessly

Switch

connects multiple devices within a local network, ensuring efficient data transfer and managing network traffic

Repeater

amplifies signals and extend their reach over longer distances

File-level

encryption type that protects data at rest

DisplayPort

the de facto global standard for PC monitors and embedded displays

VGA (Video Graphics Array)

the standard connector used for computer video output

DVI (Digital Visual Interface)

a connection type used to transmit digital video signals between computers and other display devices

USB-C

a display connector that is bidirectional

Port 443

port for HTTPS

Port 22

port for SSH (Secure Shell) protocol

Port 21

the gateway through which File Transfer Protocol (FTP) clients and servers communicate

Port 80

port for HTTP

LAN (local area network)

network type that covers a small area like a home

WAN (Wide-area network)

network type that covers bigger areas like an office

MAN (metropolitan area network)

network type that connects computers within a metropolitan area

PAN (Personal Area Network)

a small-scale network that interconnects personal devices within a very limited range

DNS (Domain Name System)

a protocol that resolves domain names

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

provides an IP host with its IP address and other related configuration information

FTP (File transfer protocol)

a protocol that moves files between computers on a network

RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol)

enables users to control and operate computers from a distance remotely

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

a protocol used for sending and receiving email messages over the Internet

MITM (man in the middle)

an attack that intercepts communication

802.11ac

Fastest wireless standard; 5 GHz band

802.11b

a foundational wireless standard (slowest); 2.4 GHz band

802.11g

a legacy wireless networking standard; 2.4 GHz band

802.11n

the second fastest wireless standard; 2.4 and 5 GHz bands

Hashing

the one-way transformation of data into a unique, fixed-length string to ensure data integrity and security

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)

network-layer protocol used by routers or host to communicate error messages and operational information

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

maps logical IPv4 addresses and physical MAC addresses within local networks

SSH

a cryptographic network protocol used to securely operate network services

Telnet

a client/server application protocol that provides access to virtual terminals of remote systems on local area networks or the Internet

whoami

identifies the current user logged in

nslookup

to find domain name / IP address records and troubleshoot DNS issues

tracert

maps the path your data takes to reach a destination

PXE

allows computers to boot an OS or software over a network using their network interface controller (NIC)

MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service)

a texting standard that allows you to send media-rich messages

NFC (Near-Field Communication)

allows users to make secure transactions, exchange digital content, and connect electronic devices with a touch