dna

DNA can adopt several forms (A-form, B-form, Z-form). Which is not a major contributor to

such structural variation?

Changes in the ionization state of the backbone phosphates

DNA vs RNA backbone stability

DNA backbone is more stable (no -OH)

nucleotide is used in the Sanger method

ddCTP

rna có thể

có 2ndary structure, code for polypeptide chains, form double helices, have enzymatic activity

Which of the following DNA probes will form the most stable duplex with this DNA fragment

(which sequence is “complementary”)? 5’ GTTCGTAATGCT 3’

B. 5’ AGCATTACGAAC 3’

Polynucleotide covalent bonds are formed via ... which is a ... charged backbone?

Phosphodiester linkages, negatively

nucleic acids is

Polymers of nucleotides

nucleotides not used for?

D. Used in the monomer form for cellular functions

How many different puckered conformations can ribofuranose rings adopt in nucleotides?

4

In nucleotides, what determines the puckered conformation of ribofuranose rings?

Position of the C-2’ or C-3’ atom relative to C-5’

Why is a primer necessary in DNA replication?

To provide the 3’-hydroxyl group for nucleotide addition

What type of DNA damage is typical from exposure to UV light?

Cyclobutane dimers

A major component of RNA but not of DNA is:

Uracil

difference between a ribonucleotide and a deoxynucleotide

A deoxynucleotide has an -H instead of an -OH at C-2

phosphodiester bonds that link adjacent nucleotides in both RNA and DNA:

Join the 3' hydroxyl of one nucleotide to the 5’ phosphate of the next

In DNA sequencing by the Sanger (dideoxy) method:

The role of the dideoxy CTP is to occasionally terminate enzymatic synthesis of DNA

where Gs occur in the template strands.

nucleotide bases:

weakly basic, hydrophobic, insoluble at neutral ph, solubility increase in acid and alkaline, all of them absord uv light

functional groups of pyrimidines and purines

Ring nitrogens, carbonyl groups, exocyclic amino groups

Which groups are involved in hydrogen bonds in nucleotide bases?

carbonyl + amino group

nucleosides made up of

base + pentose

dna is

pyrimidines, purines are aromatic, vertical stacking, absorb uv light, a-t, g-c

backbones of both DNA and RNA

hydrophilic

Under alkaline conditions, dna and rna

rna hydrolyzed quickly

correct:

A. Hydrophilic backbone is stacked inside the double helix

B. Hydrophilic backbone is positively charged

C. Hydrophobic bases are on the outside of the double helix

D. Hydrophobic bases are stacked inside the double helix

Hydrophobic bases are stacked inside the double helix

dna is

purines restrict to

pyrimidines restricted to

semiconservative replication

none, both linh hoatj with anti and syn

anti

DNA is

Sugar pucker conformation: the A form has C-3’ endo, the B form has C-2’ endo

Some RNA segments are not complementary to each other → result in bulges or internal loops

Formation of pyrimidine dimers induced by UV light