BIOL 1110 Exam 1 Study Guide

Which of the following is the smallest level of organization

atom

Prokaryotic organisms are

those that lack a membrane-bound nucleus

This is a collection of interacting populations within the same environment

Community

This is a living organism's mechanisms to maintain its metabolic functions within normal range

hemeostasis

The ability of a rabbit to change coat color in winter is an example of

responce to a stimuli

This is the change in a population of organisms over time to become more suited to the environment

evolution

What is the term used for scientific naming?

taxonomy

This is a tentative explanation for something that is observed

hypothesis

This is formed after a theory is widely accepted and there are no serious changes to its validity

scientific theory

Which of the following is the weakest chemical bond?

Hydrogen bond

These are atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons

Isotopes

This rule states that the valence shell is considered full when there are 8 electrons in it (except for the first one)

Octet Rule

This type of bond exists when electrons are unequally shared between two atoms in a chemical bond

Polar covalent bond

The atomic _______ refers to how many protons are in an atom of an element

number

A _______ is two or more elements bonded together.

compound

This property of water occurs when water molecules attracted to other water molecules

cohesion

Which end of water is partially negative?

oxygen

What property allows for hydrogen bonding to take place

polarity

Which substances has the lowest amount of H ion?

bases

Which substances are Bases

bleach and baking soda

Which of the following molecules would be considered an organic molecule?

Any molecule that has hydrogen in it is an organic molecule

Estrogen and testosterone belong to which group of biological molecules?

lipids

Which structure of protein consists of just the amino acid chain?

primary structure

The phosphate heads of a phospholipid are

hydrophilic and polar

A _______ is a single unit that helps make up a larger molecule.

monomer

This type of chemical reaction occurs when two monomers are linked together to form a polymer

dehydration synthesis

Which type of substance has single bonds (no double bonds) in the fatty acid?

saturated fat

A monomer is a small, single, simple molecule that can bond with other monomers that are the same or similar to form polymers. Examples would be glucose, fructose, and galactose.

definition of a monomer

Name this functional group:  R-SH

sulfhydryl

List the characteristics of living things.

Living things are organized, require materials and energy, need to maintain homeostasis, respond to stimuli, reproduce and develop, and have adaptations.

What is the difference between covalent and ionic bonds?

Covalent bonds share electrons, while ionic bonds transfer and switch electrons.

What are 4 properties of water and explain each property.

The way water sticks to something is Cohesion (water sticking to water) and Adhesion (water sticking to something else.) Water has a high heat capacity, so it absorbs A lot of thermal energy without great change in temperature. Water has high heat of evaporation, so hydrogen bonds must Be broken for water to evaporate. Water is a good solvent which means that polar substances love to dissolve in water. Frozen water is less dense than liquid water, so ice floats in water.

What are the four organic molecules, and their functions.

Carbohydrates provide quick energy for the cells via glucose, Lipids give long-term energy storage, Protein builds structure and support, and Nucleic Acids store and transmit genetic Information.