Napoleon
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Last updated 2:59 PM on 3/4/25
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53 Terms
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Who was Napoleon I and when did he lead France?
French leader from 1804 to 1814.
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Where was Napoleon born?
Ajaccio, Corsica.
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What military academy did Napoleon attend and when?
Military Academy in Paris, 1783.
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What was the War of the 1st Coalition?
Conflict where Napoleon gained fame at Toulon.
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When did Napoleon receive command of the French Army?
In 1796.
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What was the Treaty of Campo Formio?
A 1797 treaty ending the War of the 1st Coalition.
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What was the Cisalpine Republic?
French satellite state recognized in 1797.
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What did the Constitution of 1799 establish?
Established the Consulate with Napoleon as 1st consul.
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What was the significance of the plebiscite of 1802?
A vote that made Napoleon consul for life.
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What was the Battle of Marengo?
Napoleon's victory over Austrians in June 1800.
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What did the Treaty of Luneville achieve?
It ended conflict with Austria, signed in February 1801.
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What was agreed upon in the Treaty of Amiens?
A March 1802 treaty between France and Britain.
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When did Haitian Independence occur and who led it?
Achieved from 1792 to 1804 under Toussaint L'Ouverture.
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What was the Louisiana Purchase?
A $15 million deal made in 1803 with the United States.
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What is the Napoleonic Code?
Civil laws established by Napoleon in 1804.
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What does the Merit System entail?
Promotion based on ability, not birth.
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What was the Concordat of 1801?
Agreement with the Catholic Church to restore relations.
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What is the purpose of the University of France?
To oversee education reforms.
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What happened in the Battle of Trafalgar?
It was a 1805 naval defeat of France by Britain.
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What was the significance of Austerlitz?
It was a decisive victory against Austria and Russia in 1805.
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What was established after Napoleon's victories in Poland?
The Grand Duchy of Warsaw.
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What were the Berlin Decrees?
Initiated the Continental System to block British trade.
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What is the Continental System?
An economic blockade against Britain starting in 1806.
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What was the Peninsular Campaign?
A conflict in Spain and Portugal from 1807-1810.
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What did the Treaty of Schönbrunn accomplish?
It ended conflict with Austria in October 1809.
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How did Napoleon's family impact his rule?
He placed family members on thrones across Europe.
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When did Napoleon invade Russia and how many troops entered?
614,000 troops entered Russia in June 1812.
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What happened in the Battle of Borodino?
It was a major battle during Napoleon's Russian campaign.
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What was the Scorched Earth Policy?
A strategy of destruction during the Russian retreat.
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What was the outcome of the Battle of Leipzig?
A defeat in October 1813, known as the 'Battle of Nations'.
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What was the Treaty of Fontainebleau?
It exiled Napoleon to Elba with an annual income.
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What was the Congress of Vienna?
An 1814-1815 meeting to restore European order.
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What principle was established at the Congress of Vienna?
Balance of Power.
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What was Napoleon's final defeat and when did it occur?
His final defeat at Waterloo on June 18, 1815.
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Who led the British forces against Napoleon at Waterloo?
The Duke of Wellington.
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Where was Napoleon exiled after his defeat?
St. Helena.
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What indemnity did France owe after the Congress of Vienna?
An indemnity of 700 million francs.
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What is considered Napoleon's legacy?
His influence on law, military, and European politics.
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What did Josephine's divorce reflect?
The political dynamics of marriage.
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What happened during Napoleon's retreat from Moscow?
100,000 troops retreated, only 40,000 survived.
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What were the coalition forces?
An alliance against Napoleon including Britain and Russia.
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What were the Treaties of Tilsit?
Agreements with Russia and Prussia post-Austerlitz.
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What was significant about Napoleon's coronation?
He was crowned King of Italy on May 6, 1805.
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What is the Ecole Polytechnique?
A prestigious engineering school established in Paris.
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What were the Papal States regarding the Concordat of 1801?
Regained by the Pope through the agreement.
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What role did French Prefects play?
They were appointed to administer France's 83 departments.
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What is meant by Interest of the State?
The state's needs prioritized over individual rights.
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What did Napoleon's brothers do during his rule?
They governed various territories under Napoleon's rule.
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What characterized Napoleon's military strategy?
Emphasized speed and decisive engagements.
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What were Napoleon's educational reforms?
Established state-controlled elite secondary schools.
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What was Napoleon's military campaign about?
A series of conflicts expanding French influence.
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When did Napoleon abdicate for the first time?
On April 6, 1814.
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What was Napoleon's return from exile?
He escaped Elba, beginning the '100 Days' in 1815.
