THE BREAK WITH ROME

Between which years did the BWR occur?

1533-1536

When does thomas more resign as chancellor, who replaces him?

May 1532, thomas Cromwell

Why does Thomas More reisgn?

he can’t agree to the submission of the clergy

Why is the replacement in lord chancellor favourable to the BWR?

Cromwell is a friend of Anne’s and a reformer

Who dies in August 1532, who replaces him?

Archbishop Warham, Thomas Cranmer

Why is Cranmers death good for Henry?

replaced with Cranmer whi is client of the boleyns and pro BWR

When is Cranmer officially made archbishop, why the delay?

March 1533, have to wait for the Pope to agree and organise

Why is Warham’s death at a pivotal point?

occurs at the end of the submission of the clergy

What pivotal thing occurs at the end of December 1532 and January 1533?

Anne becomes pregnant

What does Starkey say about the origins of Anne’s pregnancy?

wnet to France to get the support of Francis who treats her like a Queen, solidfying her position and confidence and so she finally sleeps with Henry

When was the conditional act of restraint of annates?

1532 (CAOROA)

what was the conditional act of restraint of annates?

banned payments of annates to Rome, the money would now go to Henry and Henry now had the power to appoint the bishops if the Pope didn’t

What were annates?

payments made by bishops in return for consecration, made up about one third of annual income , a main source of income to the Pope

What is importnat about the wording of the conditional act of restraint of annate?

CONDITIONAL - would not be enforced if the pope gave Hanry his divorce, blackmail, shows he still wants the popes permission

Who opposed the conditional act of restraint of annates?

the house of lords, as many were bishops who didn’t want their moey to go to Henry

What is the first act in the BWR?

the conditional act of restraint of annates

what does the conditional act of restraint of annate say in terms of factions?

shows that the boleyn conservative are the most prominent

Why is Henry desperate for money?

Worried about the threat from Charles V

What occurs in January 1533?

Anne Boleyn now officially pregnant, the divorce needed to be sorted ASAP and Henry and Anne get married in secret

What occurs in March 1533?

Cranmer appointed Archbishop of Canterbury and the convocation met

What occurs on the 23May 1533?

Convocation stated the marriage with Anne was lawful

What occurs on the 1st June 1533?

Anne crowned Queen

What occurs in September 1533?

Elizabeth I born

Who is Henry married to between January and May

both Catherine and Anne, technically commits bigamy

What occurs on the 23rd May 1533?

the marriage between Catherine and Henry considered unlawful

When is the act of restraint of appeals?

1533 (AOROA)

What is the aim of the act of restraint of appeals?

to end the papcy’s right to act as a final cour tof appeal in amtters of canon law, including marriage, all rulings made in England and no appealing beyonf the archbishop

Who is the act of restraint of appeals aimed at?

Catherine of Aragon, aiming to stop her from appealing to the Pope and reduces the Popes powr in England

When is the act of restraint of the appeals, what is important about it?

1534 (already ahs the divorce) repeat of the earlier act but no longer conditional, the money now went to Henry

When is the act of dispensations?

1534 (AOD)

What is the act of dispensations also aclled?

act of Peter’s pence

What is Peters pence?

money paid by the laity to the church (a tithe and a tenth of your income)

What did the act of dispensations do?

ended payments to Peters pence and it instead went to the crown, transferred the granting of clerical licenses to the star chamber instead of the Pope, clergy given the power to conduct visitations of monastries, dispensations could only be granted by english authority (Cranmer)

Why did Henry delay over the act of dispensations?

even put in aclause saying parts could be reversed if the pope agreed to the divorce, SPECULATION - Henry may later use the fact that he slept with Mary Boleyn to get out of the marriage with Anne

What does the act of dispensations mean for monastries?

the crown can now shut them down and the money goes to the crown

Which aprt of act of dispensations affected the priests?

the license to be a priest, the money would now go to the crown

When is the act for the submission of the clergy?

1534 (AOFTSOTC)

What was the act for the submission of the clergy?

repeated details from the submissions of 1532, all churchmen had to submit to the King, prevented the church from making regulations without the Kings consent, introduced a fine or imprisonment at the kings pleasure if they didn’t agree, church now controlled by the monarchy

Who goes along with act for the submission of the clergy?

the bulk of the clergy

When is the act of succession?

1534 (AOSU)

What did the act of succession do?

declared the marriage with Anne valid, marriage to Catherine invlaid, MAry is a bastard, failure to acknowledge Anne’s heirs were treason, had to take an oath renouncing all foreign powers

What is Princess Mary’s title followng the act of succession?

The lady Mary

What does henry say about anne’s and his heirs?

‘We are young enough and there will be sons’

Who didn’t take the oath in the act of succession, what happened?

More and Fisher wo were arrested in 1534, they were beheaded in 1534

When was the act of Supremacy?

1534 (AOSUP)

What was the act of Supremacy?

Henry given the title supreme head of the church of England (clause as fas as the law of christ allows is gone), england has broken with rome, and no longe under papal jurisdiction

When is the act of treason?

1534 (AOT)

What was the act of treason?

high treason to threaten henry, Anne and heirs in writing, speech or deeds, treson to claim henry is not the rightful king, treson to rebelliousy keep catsles?

Why in the act of treason does Henry make it treson to rebelliously keep castles?

to prevent rebel strongholds

When is the act of first fruit and tenths?

1534 (AOFFAT)

What us the first fruits?

the years wages of a priest given to the Pope in Rome (priest lives on the charity of their parish)

What was the act of first fruit and tenths?

first fruits now go to the crown and not the Pope

How much did the act of first fruit and tenths raise?

about £40,000

When was the act extinguishing the authority of the bishop of Rome?

1536

What was the act extinguishing the authority of the bishop of Rome?

removed all papal authority in England and confirmed all othe acts, anyone defending the Pope could lose their property