ENGL109

MLA in text citation

author name then page number

or just page number if name is in sentence (no punct)

(couch 10) or (10) or (couch et al. 10)

order of things in an MLA citation

Author, Title of source, container, version, number, publisher, date, location (page num)

format of author in a citation

last name, first name.

use and if theres two authors et al. if theres more

format of title of source

normally in quotes its the title of the article

“Do optimism and moralization predict vaccination?”

container format

title of journal or website in italics

version, number, , date, location (page num)

vol 17, no.1, 1988, pp. 100-250.

quotations

someone says, “quote” (10).

john smith “has blah blah” (10).

if you want to omit part of the quote use an ellipsis

to modify tense add [ ]

summary

summarizes text, much shorter, captures main ideas

paraphrase

similar length to original just uses own wording

arguments types

Arguments of act - some facts may be open to questioning so you ask is this fact true? or what assumptions make this true? this may also be a point within a larger argument

argument of definition - arguments to make definitions better or clearer or broader

Evaluations - argue for an assessment based on qualitive factors. examples who has better coffee things like that. for an evaluation you need to lay out some clear criteria

casual - posit a direct relationship between things that one caused another

rebuttals - explicitly arise from other arguments mostly focused on exposing flaws in the work or showing better interpretation. these are good to include in your arguments to refute contrary positions

proposals - trying to encourage change and suggesting there is some kind of problem with the current situation

Maftei and Cosmina title

“I’m luckier than evereybody else!’ Optimistic bias, COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, vaccination status, and the link with time spent online, anticipated regret, and the perceived threat”

structure of arguments

chronology

sequence size

claims and concessions- acknowledging contradictions to strengthen argument

Nestorian - start with second strongest end with strongest

Delporteet al. Title

Do optimism and moralization predict vaccination? A five-wave longitudinal study.

Park et al.

optimistic bias preventive behavioral engagement in the context of covid-19

Maftei and petroi research

optimistic bias is the tendency for an individual to believe they are less likely than others to experience a negative outcome

A study that examined how optimistic bias related to actual vaccination status in Romania found that individuals who exhibited optimistic bias and conspiracy beliefs had the lowest participation in protective measures

results support that individuals with stronger optimistic bias are less likely to be vaccinated

this study shows that optimistic bias does not operate in isolation and distorts how people view health information

Delporte et al. research

shows difference between comparative optimism and personal optimism

also supports that people with higher optimism were less likely to choose vaccination later on

since this study followed specific individuals, it offers compelling evidence that optimism can lower vaccination decisions

also old people are dictated by personal optimism while young people compare

so this means you cant look at optimism broadly

park et al research

study found that individuals who have optimistic bias underestimate their perceived risk. they have lower anxiety about the situation making them less likely to take preventive measures.