Apush unit 5 terms b

Homestead Act (1862)

Legislation granting 160 acres of land to settlers who improved it by building and farming for five years.

Greenbacks

Paper currency issued by the Union during the Civil War, not backed by gold or silver.

Copperheads

Northern Democrats who opposed the Civil War and advocated for peace with the South.

Ex Parte Milligan (1866)

Supreme Court case ruling that military tribunals could not try civilians when civilian courts were open.

Emancipation Proclamation (1863)

Executive order by Lincoln freeing slaves in Confederate states.

Jefferson Davis

President of the Confederate States of America during the Civil War.

Gen. Ulysses S. Grant

Union general who led the North to victory in the Civil War and later became the 18th president.

Robert E. Lee

General of the Confederate Army during the Civil War.

King Cotton Diplomacy

The South’s strategy to use cotton exports as leverage for European support.

Gettysburg Address (1863)

Lincoln's speech dedicating a battlefield as a national cemetery.

13th Amendment (1865)

Constitutional amendment that abolished slavery in the United States.

14th Amendment (1868)

Granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S.

15th Amendment (1870)

Gave African American men the right to vote.

President Andrew Johnson (1865-1869)

17th president, who oversaw early Reconstruction after Lincoln's assassination.

Scalawags

Southern whites who supported Reconstruction and the Republican Party.

Carpetbaggers

Northern transplants to the South during Reconstruction, perceived as opportunists.

Credit Mobilier (1872)

A scandal involving a construction company that defrauded the Union Pacific Railroad.

Compromise of 1877

Agreement that ended Reconstruction by withdrawing federal troops from the South.

Sharecropping

A system where farmers rented land and paid with a share of their crop.

Jim Crow

Laws and customs enforcing racial segregation in the South after Reconstruction.

Black Codes

Laws passed in the South to restrict the freedoms of African Americans.