med term 13

cataract

opacity of he lens of the eye, result of aging, trauama, metabolic disease, ot the adverse effects fo certain emdication of chemicals

cornea transplantation

procedure in which a damaged cornea is replaced by the cornea from the eye of a human cadaver, keratoplasty

glaucoma

eye disease in which increased eyeball pressure causes gradual loss of sight

ocular

pertaining to the eye of the sense of sight

radial keratotomy

surgery to correcy myopia, nearsightedness, by changing the shape of the cornea

sleep apnea

condition in which breathing stops for more than 10 seconds during sleep

ophthalmology

branch of medicine concerned with dx and treatment of eye disorders

ophthalmologist

medical specialist in ophthalmology. specialize in the eyes only

optometrist and optician

specialize in providing corrective lenses for the eyes

otolaryngology

oldest medical speciality in the us. medical and surgical management of patients with disorders of the ear nose and throat

ENT physician

commonly treat disorders related to the sinuses, allergies, and disorders of the sense of smell

blephar/o

eyelid

chroid/o

choroid

conjunctiv/o

conjunctiva

corne/o

cornea

cor/o

pupil

core/o

pupil

pupill/o

pupil

dacry/o

tear;lacrimal apparatus

lacrim/o

tear;lacrimal apparatus

dipl/o

double

ansio-

unequal, dissimilar r

\-opia

vision

irid/o

iris

kerat/o

horney tissue, hard, cornea

ocul/o

eye

opthalm/o

eye

opt/o

eye, vision

retin/o

retina

\-plegia

paralysis

acous/o

hearing

audi/o

hearing

audit/o

hearing

myring/o

tympanic membrane

tympn/o

tympanic membrane

ot/o

ear

salping/o

tube (usually fallopian or eustachian)

\-acusis

hearing

\-cusis

hearing

\-opia

vision

\-opsia

vision

\-ptosis

prolapse, downward, displacement

ambly

dull, dim

presby

old age

exo-

outside, outward

hyper-

excessive, above, normal

\-tropia

turning

achromatopsia

congenital deficiency in color perception that is more common in men, color blindness

astigmatism

refractive disorder in which excessive curvature of the cornea of less causes light to be scattered over the retina, rather that focused on a single point, resulting in an distorted image

cataract

degenerative disease that mainly caused by the aging process, in which the lens of the eye becoems progessively cloudy, cuasing decreased vision, and that is treated with cataract surgery

conjunctivitis

inflammation of the conjunctiva that can be caused by bacteria, allergy, irritation, or a foreign body.

diabetic retinopathy

retinal damage in patients with diabetes makred by aneurysmal dilation and bleeding of blood vessels of the formation of new blood vessels causing visual changes

hordeolum

small, purulent, inflammatory infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid, sty

macular degeneration

deterioration of the macula, resulting in loss of central vision, most common cause of vsial impairment in persons onlder than age 50

photophobia

unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light that occurs in some disorders, such as meningitis, eye inflammation, measles, and rubella

stigmat

point, mark

chromat

color

retinal detachment

separation of the retina for the choroid which disrupts vision and results in blindness if not repaired

strabismus

strabismus in which there is deviation of the visual axis of one eye away from that of other, resulting in diplopia

hearing loss

loss of sense or perception of sound

anacusis hearing loss

total deafness complete hearing loss

conductive hearing loss

resulting from any condition that prevents sound waves from being transmitted to the auditory receptors

presbycusis hearing loss

hearing loss that gradually occurs in most individuals as they grow old

sensorineural

inability of nerve stimuli to be delivered to the brain from the inner ear as a result of damage to the auditory nerve or cochlea

meniere disease

rare disorder characterized by progressive deafness, vertigom and tinnitus possibly secondary to swelling of membranous structures within the labrynth

otitis media

inflammation of the middle ear, which is commonly the result of an upper respiratory infection and may be treated with tympanostomy tube insertion

otosclerosis

progressive deafness secodnary to ossification on the bony labrynth of the inner ear

tinnitus

ringing or tinkling noise heard constantly of intermittently in one or both ears, even in a quiet envoironment, that usually resutls form damage to inner ear structures associated with hearing

vertigo

sensation of moving around in space or a feeling of spinning or dizziness that usually results from inner ear structure damage associated with balance and equilibrium t

tonometry

test to measure the pressure inside of the eyes , used to screen for glaucoma

visual acuity test

standard eye examination to determine the smallest letters a person can read on a snellen chart, or e chart, at a distance of 20 feet

autiometry

test that measures hearing acuity at various sound frequencies

otoscopy

visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane by using an otoscope

tuing fork test

hearing tests that use a tuning fork that is struck and then placed against or near the bones on the side of the ehad to assess nerve and bone conduction of sound

rinne tuing fork test

evaluates bone conduction of sound in one ear at a time

weber tuning fork test

evaluates bone condutction of sound in both ears at the same time

cataract surgery

excision of a lens affected by a cataract

phacomulsification

excision of the lens by ultrasonic vibrations that break the lens into tiny particles, which are suctioned out of the ear, also called small incision cataract surgery

iridectomy

excision of a portion of the iris used to releive intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma

laser iridotomy

laser surgery that creates an opening on the rim of the iris to allow aqueous humot to flow between the anterior and posterior chambers to releive introocular pressure that occurs as a result of glaucoma, is replacing iridectomy because it is safer procedure

laser photocoagulation

use of a laser bea to seal leaking or hemorrhaging retina blood vessels to treat diabetic retinopathy

cochlear implant

eletronic transmitter surgically implanted into the cochlea of a deaf person to restore hearing

ear irrigation

process of flushing the external ear canal with sterile water or sterile saline solution to treat blockages of a forgein body or cerumen impaction

myringoplasty

surgical repair of a perforated eardrum with a tissue graft to correct hearing loss

myringotomy

incision of the tympanic membrane to relieve pressure and drain fluid from the middle ear or to insert tympanostomy tubes in the eardrum via surgery

antiglaucoma agents

reduce intraocular pressure by decreasing the amount of aqeous humor in the eyeball either by reduing its production or by increasing its outflow m

miotics

cause the pupil to constrict

mydriatics

cause the pupil to dialate and prepare the eye for an internal examination

vertigo and motion sickness agents

decrease sesntiity of hte inner ear to motion and prevent nerve impulses from the inner ear from reaching to vomiting center of the brain

wax emulsifiers

loosen and help remove impacted cerumen

glaucoma

condition in which the aqueous humor fails to drain properly and accumulates in the anterio rchamber of the eye,s causing elevated intraocular pressure.

open angle glaucoma

most common form of glaucoma that results from degenerative changes that cause congestion andreduce flow of aqueous humor through the canal of schlemm.

closed angle glaucoma

is a medical emergency is a type of glaucoma is caused by an anatomically arrow angle between the iris adn the cornea, which rpevents outflow of aqueous humor of the eye into the lymphatic system, causing sudden increase in IOP.

tympanostomy

ear tubes or pressure equalizing tubes that are sugically inserted into the eardrum to drain fluid and eqaualize rpessure between the middle and outer ear.

ARMD,AMD

age related macular degeneration

Ast

astigmatism

IOP

intraocular pressure

Myop

myopia

OM

otitis media S

SICS

small incision cataract surgery