SOUND

Sound Intensity

The power per unit area carried by a sound wave, typically measured in watts per square meter (W/m²).

Auditory Range

The range of sound frequencies that an individual can hear, influenced by age and health.

Echo

A reflection of sound that arrives at the listener after the direct sound, useful in navigation and exploration.

Sound Reflection

The bouncing of sound waves off surfaces, which can create echoes and affect sound quality.

Sound Refraction

The bending of sound waves as they pass through different mediums, affecting how sound travels.

Sound Absorption

The ability of a material to take in sound energy, reducing reflection and reverberation.

Sound Isolation

Methods used to prevent sound from entering or leaving a particular space.

Frequency Modulation (FM)

A method of encoding information in a carrier wave by varying its frequency.

Amplitude Modulation (AM)

A method of varying the strength or amplitude of a radio wave to transmit information.

Sound Perception

The process by which the brain interprets sound signals received from the auditory system.

What is a sound wave?

A disturbance that travels through a medium, typically air, resulting from vibrations of particles.

What characterizes a longitudinal wave?

The particles of the medium move parallel to the direction of the wave propagation.

What is compression in a sound wave?

A region where air pressure is higher than the surrounding areas.

Define rarefaction in a sound wave.

A region where air pressure is lower than the surrounding areas.

What is the audible range for humans?

The range of frequencies that the average human ear can hear, typically from 20 Hz to 20 kHz.

Give an example of infrasonic sound.

Sound waves with frequencies below the audible range, specifically < 20 Hz.

What does ultrasonic refer to?

Sound waves with frequencies above the audible range, specifically > 20 kHz.

What does pitch describe?

A qualitative description of the perceived frequency of a sound, described as 'high' or 'low'.

What is the definition of Decibel (dB)?

A logarithmic unit used to measure the intensity of sound.

Explain the Doppler Effect.

The perceived change in frequency or pitch of a wave when the observer is moving relative to the wave source.