Bioscience and Chemistry in Dentistry

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts in bioscience and chemistry related to dentistry.

Basic cell biology

Study of the structure and function of cells, which are the basic unit of life.

Microbiology

The study of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

Immune system

The body's defense system against infections and diseases.

Infection control

Procedures to prevent the spread of infections in healthcare settings.

Biofilm

A collection of different microorganisms that stick to surfaces and are embedded in a slimy matrix.

Gingivitis

An inflammatory condition of the gums, often caused by plaque build-up.

Caries

Commonly known as tooth decay, a multifactorial disease caused by bacteria on teeth.

Pharmacodynamics

The study of how drugs work in the body and their effects on biological systems.

Pharmacokinetics

The study of how the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes, and excretes medications.

Asthma

A respiratory condition characterized by difficulty in breathing due to inflamed airways.

Electrochemical gradients

Differences in concentration of ions across a membrane, affecting cell potential and movement.

Acids and bases

Substances that donate hydrogen ions (acids) or accept hydrogen ions (bases), crucial for pH balance.

Anaesthetics

Medications used to induce loss of sensation or awareness during medical procedures.

Antibiotics

Drugs that fight bacterial infections by killing bacteria or inhibiting their growth.

Tetanus

A serious bacterial infection caused by Clostridium tetani, affecting the nervous system.

Redox reactions

Chemical reactions involving the transfer of electrons, essential for energy production.