Chapter 15 - Reproductive System - Paige Jones

What does follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) do in males?

FSH stimulates sperm production by acting on the Sertoli cells in the testes.

What does follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) do in females?

FSH stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles (which contain eggs).

What does luteinizing hormone (LH) do in males?

LH stimulates the testes to produce testosterone.

What does luteinizing hormone (LH) do in females?

LH triggers ovulation and supports the formation of the corpus luteum

What is puberty?

Puberty is the stage of development when a child’s body matures into an adult body capable of reproduction.

How is puberty timed between males and females?

Puberty usually begins earlier in females (around ages 8–13) than in males (around ages 9–14).

What is the urethral orifice?

The urethral orifice is the external opening where urine exits the body.

What is circumcision?

Circumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin from the penis.

What is the scrotum?

The scrotum is a sac of skin that holds and protects the testes outside the body.

What temperature are the testes at

and why?

What is vasocongestion

Vasocongestion is the swelling of tissues caused by increased blood flow

What is spermatogenesis

and how long does sperm take to mature?

What are the actions of testosterone?

Testosterone promotes male secondary sex characteristics

What is the epididymis?

The epididymis is a coiled tube on the back of each testis where sperm mature and are stored.

What is a vasectomy?

A vasectomy is a surgical procedure that cuts or seals the vas deferens to prevent

What is the prostate gland?

The prostate gland produces fluid that nourishes and protects sperm and contributes to semen.

What is prostatitis?

Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland

What is prostate cancer?

Prostate cancer is the uncontrolled growth of cells in the prostate gland.

What is the urethral canal?

The urethral canal is the tube that carries urine (and in males

What are the Cowper’s glands?

Cowper’s glands produce a clear fluid that lubricates the urethra and neutralizes acidity before ejaculation.

What is the labia majora homologous to in males?

The labia majora are homologous to the scrotum in males.

What is the clitoris homologous to in males?

The clitoris is homologous to the penis in males.

How big are the ovaries

and what is the function of the ovaries?

What is oogenesis?

Oogenesis is the process of egg (ova) formation in the ovaries.

What is a pap smear?

A pap smear is a screening test used to detect abnormal or cancerous cells in the cervix.

What is oxytocin?

Oxytocin is a hormone that stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk release during breastfeeding.

What is a hysterectomy?

A hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus.

What is the pre-ovulatory phase?

The pre-ovulatory (follicular) phase is the first part of the menstrual cycle when follicles develop and estrogen rises.

When does ovulation begin?

Ovulation begins around the middle of the menstrual cycle

What is the post-ovulatory phase?

The post-ovulatory (luteal) phase occurs after ovulation

What is menopause?

Menopause is the natural end of menstrual cycles