Active Transport and Vesicular Movement

Vocabulary flashcards covering active transport mechanisms, energy requirements, and types of endocytosis and exocytosis based on the lecture notes.

Active Transport

The movement of materials across cell membrane via carrier proteins that require energy and moves against concentration gradient (low to high concentration).

ATP (adenosine triphophate)

The molecule that binds specific materials to the carrier protein and opens and closes the protein to move substances against the concentration gradient.

Endocytosis

The process where the cell membrane changes its shape to surround and engulf a particle to move it into the cell, forming a vesicle.

Phagocytosis

A type of endocytosis known as "cell eating" where a solid particle is engulfed.

Phagosome

The vesicle formed when a solid particle is engulfed that binds to a lysosome to digest its contents.

Pinotcytosis

A type of endocytosis known as "cell drinking" where a fluid particle is engulfed.

Receptor mediated endocytosis

A process where protein receptors trigger the intake of a very specific molecule.

Exocytosis

The process by which substances are transported to the external environment of the cell by fusing a vesicle membrane with the cell membrane.

Vesicle

A membrane-bound container used to transport substances like antibodies, neurotransmitters, and enzymes to the exterior of the cell.

Fate of the vesicle membrane in exocytosis

During the process of exocytosis, the vesicle membrane becomes part of the cell membrane.